我国部分省份职业人群高血压现患状况及影响因素  

Hypertension Prevalence for Working Population in Several Provinces in China

作　　者：郭瑞[1] 王增武[1] 王馨[1] 张林峰[1] 陈祚[1] 郭敏[1] 田野[1] 邵澜[1] 朱曼璐[1] 高润霖[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院卫生部心血管病防治中心网络部,北京市100037 [2]北京协和医学院中国医学科学院心内科,北京市100037

出　　处：《中国循环杂志》2014年第3期172-175,共4页Chinese Circulation Journal

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“中国重要心血管病调查及关键技术研究”(编号:2011BAI11B01)

摘　　要：目的:了解我国山东、湖南等8个省份职业人群高血压流行特征,为更好地控制高血压病奠定基础。方法:在8个省份共选取21个职业场所,采用统一问卷调查在职人员的性别、年龄、教育程度、职业类型等人口学特征及疾病史,并用汞柱式血压计测量血压。高血压诊断标准采用2010年中国高血压防治指南推荐的标准:收缩压(SBP)≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)和(或)舒张压(DBP)≥90 mmHg,或目前正在服用降压药。采用PSSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果:共调查17 517名在职人员,男性占63.3%,平均年龄(40.4±9.0)岁。男性和女性平均SBP分别为(129.6±16.2)mmHg和(120.3±16.2)mmHg,平均DBP分别为(81.5±11.2)mmHg和(74.0±10.4)mmHg。高血压患病粗率为26.7%,标化患病率为25.2%,正常高值血压的标化率为44.2%。随年龄增加患病率呈明显上升趋势(P<0.001)。男性高血压标化患病率显著高于女性(30.3%vs 14.9%,P<0.001)。高血压患病率与职业类型相关(P<0.001),工人的患病率最高,高血压标化患病率为28.4%。东部省份高血压标化患病率较高为31.7%,教育程度高者患病率较低,研究生及以上人群高血压标化患病率为20.9%。结论:我国职业人群为理想血压者不足三分之一,高血压患病率与职业类型和教育水平有关。Objective： To investigate the hypertension prevalence for working population in 8 provinces including Shandong and Hunan, in order to better control the hypertension in China. Methods： A total of 17 517 employees from 21 worksites in 8 provinces were investigated by questionnaire survey for their gender, age, education, occupation and the history of disease. Their blood pressures were measured by mercury sphygmomanometers. The hypertension was defined according to 2010 Chinese guidelines as systolic blood pressure （SBP） ≥140 mmHg and DBP≥90 mmHg or currently taking anti-hypertension medication. The statistical analysis was conducted by SAS9.2 software. Results： There were 63.3% of participants with male gender and the mean age at （40.4 ±9.0） years. The average SBP in male and female were （129.6 ± 16.2） mmHg and （120.3 ± 16.2） mmHg, DBP （81.5± 11.2） mmHg and （74.0 ± 10.4） mrnHg respectively. There were 25.2% of participants with hypertension after standardization and 44.2% with high normal BP after standardization. The prevalence showed a rising trend with the increased age, P〈0.001. The hypertension prevalence in male was higher than that in female as 30.3% vs. 14.9%, P〈0.001. The hypertension prevalence was related to the type of occupation, P〈0.001 the worker group was the highest （28.4%）, The prevalence was higher in east region （31.7%） and the population with higher education had the lower prevalence （20.9%）. Conclusion： The ideal blood pressure in working population was less than 1/3 in china, the prevalence related to theoccupation and education.

关 键 词：职业人群 高血压 正常高值 患病率 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]