华南地区3种典型人工林的土壤特性研究  

Soil properties of three typical plantations in South China

作　　者：黄香兰[1] 叶龙华[1] 薛立[1] 卢广超[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2014年第2期198-202,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省林业局"林分改造优良乡土阔叶树种筛选"(F11031)项目资助

摘　　要：对华南地区木荷、湿地松和尾叶桉林的土壤物理性质、土壤养分、微生物数量及酶活性进行研究。结果表明,3种林地的土壤容重分别为尾叶桉林>湿地松林>木荷林,总孔隙度为木荷林>湿地松林>尾叶桉林,土壤毛管持水量分别为木荷林>尾叶桉林>湿地松林。木荷林地的土壤保水性和通气性相对较好,湿地松林的土壤通气性一般而保水性差,尾叶桉林地的土壤保水性一般而通气性较差。3种林地呈强酸性。木荷林地的土壤有机质含量、全N、碱解N和速效K含量最高。全P和速效P含量为尾叶桉林地>木荷林地>湿地松林地,而全K含量为尾叶桉林地>湿地松林地>木荷林地。木荷林地的土壤固氮菌和解磷菌数量最多,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性较高,在3种林分中的综合土壤肥力最高。The soil physical properties, nutrients, microorganisms and enzyme activities were studied in Schima superb, Pinus elliottii and Eucalypys urophylla plantations in South China. The results showed that the soil bulk density was in the order ofE. urophylla〉P, elliottii〉S, superba, and the total porosity was in the order of S. superba〉 P. elliottii〉E, urophylla, whereas the capillary moisture capacity was in the order of S. superba 〉E. urophylla〉P, elliottii in the three plantation types. Soil water holding capacity and aeration were good in S. superba plantation, whereas P. elliottii plantation had a medium aeration and bad water holding capacity, and E. urophylla plantation had medium water holding capacity and bad aeration. The soils of the three plantations were rather strong in acidity, and the contents of soil organic matter, total N, alkalized N and available K of S. superba plantation were greatest among the three plantations. The contents of total P and available P were in the order of E urophylla〉S, superba〉P, elliottii, whereas the content of total K was in the order ofE. urophylla〉P, elliottii〉S superba. The numbers of azotobacter and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and activities of soil urease, phosphatase and catalase in S. superba plantation were greatest among the three plantations. Overall, soil fertility of S. superba plantation was the highest among the three plantations.

关 键 词：人工林 土壤 物理性质 养分 微生物 酶活性 

分 类 号：S718.516[农业科学—林学]