掘进爆破振动作用下支护结构的安全距离  

Safe Distance of Supporting Structure under Action of Tunneling Blasting Vibration

作　　者：张涛[1] 陈士海[1,2] 张伟[1,3] 逄焕东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学,青岛266590 [2]华侨大学厦门,361021 [3]山东交通学院,济南250357

出　　处：《爆破》2014年第1期133-137,共5页Blasting

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20113718110002);爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室开放课题(DPMEIKF201307);华侨大学科研项目(13Y0411)

摘　　要：掘进爆破地震波对巷道围岩及支护结构的作用是地下工程和结构抗震的重要研究内容。根据爆破地震波位移势函数的特点,采用分离变量的方法,求解得到轴坐标系下围岩质点运动方程,给出了围岩中振速随轴向距离、径向距离和时间的变化规律。研究结果表明:爆破地震波所导致的围岩质点振动速度衰减极快,且与距离的1/2,3/2次方成反比;振动速度在轴向距离上的衰减比较剧烈,支护结构在距迎头工作面较短范围易受爆破振动影响。按照围岩与支护结构爆破振动安全振速,确定了不同爆破方式的爆破振动的安全距离,为巷道爆破方案与空顶距离的选择提供了理论依据。The effect of tunneling blasting seismic waves on the surrounding rock and supporting structure was important in underground engineering and structural seismic. Based on the characteristics of the blasting seismic wave displacement potential function, using the method of separation of variables, the equations of surrounding rock particle motion under axis coordinate system was solved. The variation behaviors of particle velocity of surrounding rock with the axial distance, the radial distance and time were put forward. Results showed that the particle vibration velocity of surrounding rock caused by blasting seismic wave attenuated rapidly and inversely 1/2,3/2 proportional to distance; Severe attenuation of vibration velocity appeared on the axial distance, and the supporting structure away from the head face was easy to be influenced by blasting vibration. According to blasting vibration safety velocities in accord- ance with the surrounding rock and supporting structure, the safe distances for the blasting vibration in different blas- ting methods were determined,which provided a theoretical basis for the tunnel blasting scheme and the distance of the empty top.

关 键 词：掘进爆破 爆破地震波 围岩 波动方程 分离变量 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]