上海市虹口区中小学生麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果分析  

Effectiveness analysis on measles supplementary immunization for students of primary and middle schools in Hongkou District of Shanghai

作　　者：李淑华[1] 解范迪 吴春珠 钱晓华[1] 汤素文[3] 杨彦基[1] 于晓楠[1] 汤显[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市虹口区疾病预防控制中心,上海200082 [2]上海市虹口区江湾医院,上海200434 [3]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2014年第3期113-115,127,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生局科研计划课题资助项目(20114067);上海市公共卫生优秀学科带头人培养计划项目(GWDTR201225)

摘　　要：[目的]从免疫学和流行病学两个方面评价上海市虹口区6～14岁学龄儿童麻疹疫苗强化免疫的效果。[方法]强化免疫1个月后采集静脉血，采用ELISA法测定麻疹IgG抗体，与未参加强化免疫者的抗体水平进行比较。同时，收集研究个体的麻疹免疫史、麻疹病史、麻疹密切接触史等流行病学资料。[结果]不能认为强化免疫对提高虹口区6～14岁学龄儿童麻疹抗体的阳性率、保护率及几何抗体平均浓度有影响，麻疹疫苗接种2剂次与接种3～4剂次相比，抗体水平差异无统计学意义。[结论]强化免疫的目的是消除免疫空白，在常规免疫高接种率的地区，实施大规模的强化免疫是对疫苗资源、人力资源和财力资源的浪费，而查漏补种是经济有效的预防措施。Objective] To analyze the effect of enhanced immunization for school-age children in Hongkou District of Shanghai in immunology and epidemiology . [ Methods] One month after completing immunization, the blood antibody titers were measured by ELISA method , and compared with the those of non-enhanced immunization , for epidemiological survey were collected history of measles immunization and close contact with the measles . [ Results] It could not be thought that strengthening immunization im-proved antibody positivity rate , the protection rate , and geometric antibody average concentrations .There was not statistical difference in antibody levels between measles vaccination 2 times and 3 -4 times. [ Conclusion] In the regions where routine immunization rates reach a high level , strengthening immuni-zation done on large scale is a waste of vaccine resources , human resources and financial resources , and leak re-vaccination should be done as a cost-effective preventive measure .

关 键 词：学龄儿童 麻疹疫苗 强化免疫 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]