华北石质山区黄连木耗水特征研究  

Water-consumption characteristics of Pistacia chinensis in the rocky mountainous area of North China

作　　者：朱美秋[1] 刘春鹏[2] 马长明[3] 杨飞 

机构地区：[1]保定职业技术学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省林业科学研究院 [3]河北农业大学林学院 [4]柏乡县林业局

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2014年第2期33-37,共5页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省林业科学技术研究项目"河北主要造林树种耗水特性及调控机制研究"(编号:1126419)

摘　　要：采用热扩散式液流探针（TDP）结合气象站资料，观测和研究黄连木生长季节树干液流与环境因子的关系，以揭示黄连木的耗水规律。结果表明：（1）黄连木树干液流日变化呈现“几”字型，呈“宽峰”型，夜间仍保持一定液流，日耗水量为12～14．5L。液流规律受天气影响：阴天较晴天时具有“窄峰”，雨天时的液流变化不大；晴天比阴天液流启动早，进入低谷晚，雨天则表现无规律；树干液流峰值大小、日均液流速度和耗水量均为晴天〉阴天〉雨天。（2）黄连木各月树干液流变化有所不同，5月份呈“单峰”型，6—8月表现为“宽峰”型，而9—10月则呈现“双峰”型；液流启动6-8月早于其他月份；液流速度峰值大小顺序为：5月〉7月〉9月〉8月〉6月〉10月，日均液流速度及耗水量大小顺序为：7月〉5月〉8月〉6月〉9月〉10月。（3）影响黄连木树干液流的主要环境因子是太阳辐射、大气温度、空气相对湿度；各月份耗水模型拟合良好，调整R2大部分达到0．89以上。To reveal the water consumption by transpiration of Pistacia chinensis, the Thermal Dissipation Probe （TDP） and Automatic Weather Station System were used to simultaneously measure and monitor the stem sap flow velocity and related environmental factors. The results showed that： （1） the stem sap flow started from 6： 10 to 6： 40, ascended to the peak from 8： 40 to 12： 00 and felled into the trough from 21： 20 to 1： 10 on the next day. The average sap flow rate was 0.001 1 -0.001 4crnls, and the averagely daily water consumption was 12 -14. 5L. There was still sap flow in night for water shortage in plant. The process of sap flow rate was obviously affected by the weather. On cloudy days the variation of flow velocity showed the narrower peak than that on sunny days, and flow velocity was smaller on rainy days. The sap flow started earlier and felled into the trough later on sunny days than that on cloudy days, and there was no regularity on rainy days. The orders in the peak of sap flow velocity, the average sap flow velocity and the averagely daily water consumption were： sunny days〉 cloudy days〉 rainy days. （2） The variation of stem sap flow velocity of P. chinensis in every month was different. It showed as a single-peaked curve in May; as a broad-peaked curve in June, July and August, as a double-peaked curve in September and October. The sap flow started earlier in June, July and August than that in other months. The month order of the peak of sap flow velocity was： May 〉 July〉 September〉 August〉 June〉 October, and the month orders of the average sap flow velocity and the averagely daily water consumption were： July〉 May〉 August〉 June〉 September〉 October. （3） Stem sap flow of P. chinensis was related with the sun radiation, air temperature and air relative humidity. The models of water-consumption were fitting very much, and the adjusted R2 were all above 0. 89.

关 键 词：树干液流 热扩散式探针法(TDP) 耗水量 液流速度 黄连木 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]