膨胀石墨阻燃蓖麻油磷酸酯聚氨酯保温材料  

Preparation of Polyurethane Foams with Castor Oil Phosphate Flame Retardant Polyols and Expanded Graphite

作　　者：张立强[1] 张猛[1,2] 胡立红[1,2] 周永红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]江苏强林生物能源材料有限公司,江苏溧阳213364

出　　处：《中国塑料》2014年第3期28-32,共5页China Plastics

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD32B05);中国林科院林业新技术研究所基本科研业务费重点项目(CAFINT2013K01)

摘　　要：以蓖麻油和甘油经过酯交换反应生成甘油醇解蓖麻油,然后与双氧水生成环氧醇解蓖麻油,在三苯基膦作催化剂作用下与磷酸二乙酯进行开环反应制备蓖麻油磷酸酯阻燃多元醇。以蓖麻油磷酸酯阻燃多元醇和甘油醇解蓖麻油与膨胀石墨(EG)和磷酸三乙酯(TEP)共混制备了阻燃聚氨酯泡沫,并研究了聚氨酯泡沫的力学性能、阻燃性能和热稳定性。结果表明,蓖麻油磷酸酯阻燃多元醇、EG提高了聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能、热稳定性和力学性能,磷酸二乙酯基团的存在提高了聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能,EG和TEP有协同阻燃的作用,使聚氨酯泡沫燃烧时产生更多的炭层,两者共同作用使聚氨酯泡沫的极限氧指数提高到29.7%。Abstract. In this paper, polyurethane foam（PUF） was prepared from glycerolysized castor oil and castor oil phosphate polyol, and MDI, expanded graphite was introduced as a flame retardant. The mechanical behavior and flame resistance of PUF was studied. The expanded graphite improved the flame retardant, thermostability, and mechanical strength of polyurethane foam. The synergistic effect between expanded graphite and triethyl phosphate caused the formation of a dense char layer, which inhibited the transfer of heat and combustible gas, and the limiting oxygen index of PUF increased to 29.7 %.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 蓖麻油 磷酸三乙酯 膨胀石墨 阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]