广西现代水泥企业粉尘危害调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of the dust hazard in modern cement enterprise of Guangxi

作　　者：邱毅[1] 杨超敏 黎海红[1] 陈小红[1] 卢小燕[1] 朱林平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,南宁市530021 [2]广西壮族自治区卫生监督所

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第6期729-732,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西医疗卫生重点科研资助项目(项目编号:重2012043)

摘　　要：目的调查了解广西现代水泥生产企业工人粉尘暴露及尘肺发病情况，为企业粉尘职业病危害防治提供依据。方法对广西8家新型干法旋窑水泥生产企业进行现场职业卫生学调查、粉尘检测、接尘工人职业健康检查。结果现代水泥企业粉尘游离二氧化硅（游离SiO：）含量范围为0．9％一79．9％，其中，粘土尘、砂尘、生料尘、铁质粉尘、煤尘的游离SiO：含量均值〉10．0％；接尘工种8h时间加权平均（TWA）浓度范围0．2～120．0mg／m3，均值为（4．2±5．1）mg／m3，检测人次超标率为29．4％；作业场所定点短时间接触浓度（STEL）范围0．2～311．0mg／m3，均值（9．2±10．7）mg／m3，检测点次超标率为37．3％。2129名工人年龄为18～50岁、平均（28．6±4．8）岁，接尘工龄1—8a，平均（4．1±2．4）a的接尘工人在职业健康检查中尚未发现尘肺患者。结论广西现代水泥生产企业不能放松对粉尘职业危害的控制，要加强职业卫生知识宣传，应提高接触矽尘工人配戴防尘口罩的自觉性。[ Objective ] To investigate the exposure levels of dust and the incidence of pneumoconiosis in workers in modem cement enterprises of Guangxi, and provide basis for dust occupational hazard prevention and control. [ Methods ] On-site occupation health survey, dust detection and occupational health examination of workers were conducted in eight new dry process rotary kiln cement enterprises in Guangxi. [ Results ] The content range of free silica （ free SiO： } in dust in the modem cement enterprise was 0.9% 79.9%, of which, the mean in clay dust, sand dust, raw material dust, iron dust and coal dust were all 〉 I0.0%. The CTWA 8h was 0.2- 120.0 mg/m3, the mean was { 4.2 ＋ 5.1 ） mg/m3, the exceed rate of the detection was 29.4%. The CSTEL of workplace was 0.2- 311.0 mg/m3, mean was 19.2 ＋ 10.7 ） mg/m3, the exceed rate of the detection was 37.3 %. The pneumoco- niosis was not found in occupational health examination of 2 129 workers whose ages were 18 - 50 year [ mean（ 28.6 4.8 } year] and exposure years of dust was 1-8 year [ mean （4.1 ＋ 2.4） year]. [ Conclusions] Guangxi modem cement enterprises can not neglect the control of dust occupational hazard, should strengthen the propaganda of occupational health knowledge, and enhance the self-consciousness of wearing anti-dust masks of silica exposed workers.

关 键 词：现代水泥企业 粉尘 个体粉尘采样器 8h时间加权平均浓度 尘肺 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]