微量敌敌畏慢性暴露对大鼠胃运动及胰岛素分泌的毒性作用  

Effect of chronic exposure of trace dichlorvos on gastric motility and insulin secretion in rats

作　　者：赵勇[1] 周裔春[1] 何巍[1] 李兴暖[1] 于欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]九江学院基础医学院,江西省九江市332000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第6期761-764,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的以1/50的LD50敌敌畏(2 mg/kg)大鼠尾皮肤接触染毒(1次/2 d),观察慢性微量皮肤接触染毒对大鼠胃运动及胰岛素分泌的影响。方法 56只雄性SD大鼠随机分为7组:①空白对照组;②染毒1月组;③染毒1月组+正常饲养1月组;④染毒2月组;⑤染毒2月组+正常饲养1月组;⑥染毒3月组;⑦染毒3月+正常饲养1月组。分别于染毒后不同时期观察敌敌畏染毒对体重增加的影响,处死后血清学检测胆碱酯酶活力、胰岛素浓度和血糖浓度,观察离体胃窦平滑肌运动情况。结果微量敌敌畏皮肤接触不影响鼠血清胆碱酯酶活力(P>0.05);染毒后的②组和③组胰岛素浓度升高(P<0.01);染毒后的②、③、④、⑥和⑦组血糖浓度升高(P<0.01)。染毒导致④组和⑤组大鼠第2个月及⑤和⑥组大鼠第3个月体重增加较对照组快(P<0.05)。乙酰胆碱不能引起②、③、④和⑥组胃窦运动幅度的增加(P>0.05),阿托品不能阻断②和③组乙酰胆碱的兴奋效应(P>0.05)。乙酰胆碱不能引起③、⑤组和⑦组胃窦运动频率的增加(P>0.05);阿托品不能阻断③和⑤组乙酰胆碱的频率兴奋效应(P>0.05)。结论慢性不影响胆碱酯酶活力的微量敌敌畏皮肤染毒可影响大鼠胃运动、血清胰岛素及血糖水平,并可导致大鼠体重增加异常。[Objective]The rats were given the trace dichlorvos （2mg/kg） by exposure on rat-tail skin, once every two days, to observe the effect of chronic exposure to trace toxic substances （ skin contact） on motility and insulin secretion in rats. [Methods]56 male SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups：① the control group,② one-month exposure group,③ one- month exposure ＋ one-month normal feeding group,④ two-month exposure group,⑤two-month exposure ＋ one-month normal feeding group,⑥ three-month exposure group,⑦ three-month exposure ＋ one-month normal feeding group. The weight gains were observed in different periods after exposure. The cholinesterase activity, insulin concentration, blood glucose concentration and gas？tric smooth muscle movement in vitro were observed. [ Results ] The skin exposure of trace dichlorvos could not influence the serum cholinesterase activity in rats （P 〉0.05）. After exposure,the insulin concentration in group ② and ③ increased （ P 〈 0. 01）, while the blood glucose concentration in group ②,③,④,⑥ and ⑦ increased [P 〈0. 01）. After exposure,the weight gain of group ④ and ⑤ during the second month and group ⑤ and ⑥ during the third month were faster than that of the control group （P 〈0. 05 ）. The range of gastric motility in group ②,③,④ and ⑥ have not been effected by acetylcholine （P 〉0. 05）,while the acetylcholine could not block the excited effect caused by the acetylcholine in group ② and ③（尸 〉0.05）. The acetylcholine could not increase the frequency of gastric motility in group ③,⑤ and ⑦（p 〉 0. 05） , while the acetylcholine could not block the excited effect caused by the acetylcholine in group ③ and ⑤（P 〉 0. 05 ）. [ Conclusion] The chronic skin exposure of trace di？chlorvos ,which the dose can not influence the cholinesterase activity,may effect gastric movement,serum insulin and glucose lev- els in rats ｜ and lead to abnormal body weight gain.

关 键 词：有机磷农药 敌敌畏 乙酰胆碱 平滑肌 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]