2012年天津市医疗机构法定传染病报告水平调查及评估  

Evaluation and investigation of underreporting of notifiable communicable diseases by medical institutions in Tianjin in 2012

作　　者：许婕[1] 霍飞[1] 徐文体[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,300011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第6期837-839,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过调查2012年天津市各级医疗机构法定传染病疫情漏报情况及其报告质量,了解天津市传染病报告模式的可行性,为进一步提高传染病网络直报工作效率和质量提供理论依据。方法随机抽取全市16个区县54所医疗机构进行现场评估。结果共查出传染病17种1 698例,漏报58例,总漏报率为3.42%;医疗机构门诊日志/出院登记传染病漏报率为2.34%;化验室传染病漏报率为5.74%;调查的乙类、丙类和其他传染病漏报率分别为3.35%、3.27%和5.00%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.02,P>0.05);总漏报率最高的为二级医疗机构(4.88%);不同级别医院总漏报率差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.24,P<0.01),总漏报率最高的为郊县(8.18%),其次为滨海新区(4.35%)和环城四区(1.53%),市区漏报率最低(0.90%),各地区之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.47,P<0.01)。结论天津市目前的传染病报告管理模式,适合该市传染病报告的需要,应继续加强医疗机构传染病报告管理意识,加强郊县医疗机构的培训和督导。[ Objective ] To understand the underreporting and reporting quality of notifiable communicable diseases by medical insti？tution in Tianjin, and provide scientific evidence of improving the efficiency and the quality of the network reporting. [ Methods] A total of 54 medical institutions in 16 districts of Tianjin were selected randomly. [ Results ] The underreporting rate of all communi？cable diseases was 3. 42% among 1 698 cases of 17 kinds. The underreporting rate of outpatient and inpatient departments was2.34% , and the rate of laboratory was 5. 74%. The underreporting rates of category A, B, C infectious diseases were 3. 35%,3.27% and 5%,without significance （ x2 = 1. 02, F = 0. 60 ）. The highest underreporting rate was the second-level hospitals （4. 88% ）. The differences between medical institutions at different levels were significant（ = 15. 24 ,P =0. 0004）. The highest underreporting rate was the suburb counties（8. 18% ）,the rates of Binhai New District and around cities were 4. 35% and 1, 53% , the rate of the downtown was 0. 90% . The differences between different districts were significant （ x2 = 46. 47 , P 〈 0. 01 ）. [Conclusion] The management mode of communicable diseases reporting in Tianjin is appropriate, but it is still necessary to strengthen consciousness of the report, especially in the suburb counties.

关 键 词：法定传染病 漏报 医疗机构 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]