进口废物对国内资源环境的作用机制与约束条件  

The Mechanism and Constrains of Imported Wastes on Domestic Resource and Environment

作　　者：张喆[1] 邱琦[1] 胡华龙[1] 李淑媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部固体废物管理中心,北京100029

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2014年第2期144-149,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：环境保护公益性科研专项(2011467036)

摘　　要：随着经济的不断发展和全球贸易的持续增长,我国进口可用作原料的固体废物,由于其资源补充作用和环境风险并存的特殊地位,对该领域的研究逐步成为我国对外贸易中不可忽视的方向。从进口贸易的角度,分析了进口可用作原料的固体废物在产品、供给、技术外溢和产业优化4个方面的效应,及其对国内资源节约和产业结构调整产生的作用机制,阐述了进口可用作原料的固体废物产生资源环境效应所需的国内环境管理约束条件,并提出通过完善现有进口废物管理法律法规、重视进口废物的积极作用、保持对外贸易平衡和加强进口废物贸易合作等方式,在改善进口废物约束条件的同时,充分发挥进口废物的资源节约效应,缓解我国资源不足的压力。As the development of economy and increase of global trade, China imports more and more wastes as raw materials. The imported wastes have the special role of both resource supplement and potential environmental risk. Therefore, the study on this area becomes a non-negligible direction in international trade. From the perspective of import trade, the product, supply, technology spillover and industrial optimization effects of imported wastes that could be used for raw materials were analyzed, and their affecting mechanisms on domestic resource saving and industrial structure adjustment investigated. The domestic environmental management constrains under which imported wastes as raw materials could generate positive environmental effects were illustrated. The approaches to fully exert the resource saving effects of imported wastes as raw materials and to alleviate the resource shortage in China were proposed, including improving the existing waste import management laws and regulations, emphasizing the positive role of imported wastes as cooperation of imported wastes as raw raw materials, maintaining foreign trade balance, and strengthening trade materials.

关 键 词：固体废物 进口 环境管理 贸易 

分 类 号：X708[环境科学与工程—环境工程]