西江枯季径流退水系数与流域特征关系研究  

Study on Correlation between Recession Coefficients and Catchment Characteristics in Pearl River

作　　者：葛永学[1] 江涛[2] 梁楚坚 王秀丽[1] 董向[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省水文局肇庆水文分局,广东肇庆526060 [2]中山大学水资源与环境系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《水文》2014年第1期72-77,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：水利部公益性行业项目(200901032)

摘　　要：文章采用基于遗传算法的经典退水曲线对西江上游主要站点枯季日平均流量进行研究,所率定的退水系数经验证精度较好,能够反映所在流域的径流特性。通过退水系数与流域面积、下垫面性质、植被覆盖度、多年平均径流深等流域特征关系的分析,发现退水系数值(1)对降雨和蒸散发的变化不敏感,整体上随流域面积和植被覆盖度的增加而减小;(2)随地形高差和下垫面透水性的下降而减小;(3)对喀斯特岩溶地貌尤其敏感,表现为退水系数值较非岩溶地区偏大;(4)随多年平均径流深的增大而增大,二者具有指数函数关系。退水系数与流域特征因子的这些规律,可为无资料流域水文预报提供思考和借鉴。This paper adopted the classical recession curve based on GA to study and analyze the mean daily runoff at some hydrological stations in the Xijiang upstream.The accuracy of verified results demonstrate well with Nash coefficients.Therefore,the obtained coefficient of recession can reflect the characteristics of the study basin.This paper also studied the relation of the coefficients of recession with the catchment area,underlaying surface characteristics,degree of vegetation and mean annual runoff,and discovered that （1）The recession coefficients will decrease with the catchment area and vegetation degree increasing; （2）The recession coefficients will decrease with the height difference permeability of underlaying reducing;（3）The recession coefficients are especially sensitive to the Karst landform,characterized by being larger than those in the non-Karst area;（4）The recession coefficients will increase with the mean annual runoff increasing,and there is an exponential function relationship between the two.These rules between the recession coefficients and catchment characteristic factors will provide reference for runoff forecasting in ungauged basins.

关 键 词：流域特征 枯季径流 退水系数 无资料流域 

分 类 号：P338[天文地球—水文科学]