天宫一号空间碎片防护设计与实践  

Space debris protection design and application for Tiangong-1

作　　者：闫军[1] 郑世贵[1] 韩增尧[2] 刘洋[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院总体部,北京100094 [2]中国空间技术研究院研发部,北京100094 [3]中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2014年第3期243-250,共8页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

摘　　要：天宫一号于2011年9月29日发射,至2013年6月13日实现自动交会对接及航天员入舱等活动,在近两年的时间内经受住了空间碎片环境的考验.本文系统地对天宫一号的空间碎片防护设计进行了描述,既包括采用Whipple防护结构的系统级防护设计,也包括针对辐射器管路的部件级防护设计.地面验证试验表明,经防护设计后的天宫一号的抗空间碎片撞击能力达到设计要求,辐射器管路的抗空间碎片撞击能力也显著提升.After being launched on September 29, 2011, Tiangong-1 has accomplished several automatic and manual rendezvous and docking with Shenzhou, and was visited by astronauts on June 13, 2013. During the two-year course of in orbit operation, Tiangong-i successfully outlived the critical space debris environment. This paper introduced the space debris protection technology applied on Tiangong-1 in detail, including the system-level protection with Whipple structure and the component-level protection for radiator pipes. All the protection designs were tested by ground experiments, and it is proved that the capability of anti-impact to space debris for Tiangong-1 meets the task requirement, while that for the radiator pipe is remarkably increased.

关 键 词：天宫一号 空间碎片 防护设计 

分 类 号：V445.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]