超声和腹部X射线平片在诊断儿童急性肠梗阻中的价值比较  

Value Comparison of Ultrasound and Abdominal X-Ray Plain Film in the Diagnosis of Acute Intestinal Obstruction in Children

作　　者：方慧[1] 刘国伟[1] 徐庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市第一人民医院腹部B超,佛山528000

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2014年第3期405-405,407,共2页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

摘　　要：目的:比较超声和腹部X线平片对于诊断儿童急性肠梗阻的实用价值进行分析,以便根据临床实际情况选择合适的检查方法。方法:选取收入我院的120例患有急性肠梗阻的儿童,均在进行手术前行超声检查和腹部X线平片检查,对手术结果进行分析,讨论这两种检查方法对于临床疾病的诊断准确性。结果:超声的确诊率为97%,腹部X线平片的确诊率为85%,腹部X线平片检查明显低于超声检查,对两种方法进行比较,具有统计学的意义(P<0.01),超声对于儿童急性肠梗阻的确诊率明显高于腹部X线平片的确诊率。结论:传统腹部平片诊断儿童急性肠梗阻的敏感性和特异性较低,而超声确诊儿童急性肠梗阻的正确率接近于100%,与X线等其他检查相比超声对于梗阻的原因诊断准确性也极高,是否发生绞窄性肠梗阻超声检查比X线平片显示更有价值。Objective：To compare the practical value of ultrasound and abdominal X-ray plain film in the diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction in children so as to provide sufficient evidences for appropriate selection of diagnostic method during clinical practice. Methods：120 children with acute intestinal obstruction admitted in our hospital were enrolled in this study. They all were diagnosed with ultrasound and abdominal X-ray plain film before taking surgery and the results were analyzed to compare their diagnostic accuracy. Results：The correct diagnosis rate for ultrasound（97%） was obviously higher than abdominal X-ray plain film（85%）and results comparison gave a significant difference（P〈0.01）. Ultrasound had a higher diagnosis rate than abdominal X-ray plain film in the diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction in children. Conclusions：Traditional abdominal X-ray plain film has poor sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction in children while ultrasound gave a correct diagnosis rate of up to 100%. Ultrasound still claimed a higher accuracy in the cause of obstruction diagnosis when compared with other X-ray related diagnostic methods and it was more valuable in the diagnosis of strangulated obstruction than abdominal X-ray plain film.

关 键 词：腹部X线平片 超声 儿童肠梗阻 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R816.5[医药卫生—诊断学] R726.5[医药卫生—临床医学]