1991-2009年我国成人高血压流行趋势分析  

Analysis on dynamic trend of hypertension in Chinese adults in 1991-2009

作　　者：田野[1] 陈娟[2] 王海鹏[3] 孟庆跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院 卫生政策与管理系,北京100191 [2]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育学系 [3]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2014年第2期138-142,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价1991—2009年我国成人高血压流行趋势及增长动因。方法基于7次中国健康与营养调查数据（cHNs），采用分层随机抽样方法，抽取我国辽宁、黑龙江、江苏、山东、河南、湖南、湖北、广西和贵州共9个省的城市和农村地区≥20岁的成人作为研究对象，使用SPSS17．0软件按地区不同经济发展水平、城乡、不同年龄组、不同性别进行高血压患病率统计描述和CMH卡方检验，分析我国成人高血压变化趋势。结果1991—2009年，高经济发展水平省份（辽宁、江苏）、中等经济发展水平省份（山东、黑龙江、河南、湖北和湖南）、低经济发展水平省份（广西和贵州）高血压患病率分别从19．38％、19．00％和13．45％增长至38．09％、30．75％和23．59％；同一地区的农村高血压患病率普遍低于城市；20--39岁、40～59岁、60～岁3个年龄组的患病率分别从5．56％、20．59％和45．72％增长至9．60％、29．48％和52．56％；除1997年外，高年龄组中女性患病率始终高于男性，而中、低年龄组中男性高血压患病率及增幅普遍高于女性；我国高血压患者数量从11151．57万人增至26008．9万人，其中人口结构数量变化所致增长8280．5万人，患病率变化所致增长4135．75万人，人口结构数量和患病率共同作用增长2441．08万人。结论我国高血压正处于快速增长期，高经济发展水平省份患病率增长幅度大，人口老龄化对高血压患者增多的作用比患病率增长更大。Objective To analyze the epidemiological trend of adult hypertension, and to discuss the causes of it＇s rapid growth. Methods Based on the data obtained from 7 times of Chinese Health and Nutrition Exami- nation Surveys （CHNS）, individuals aged 20 and above were selected randomly from 9 provinces in China using multi-stage cluster sampling method to analyze the dynamic trend of adult hypertension over 20 years pe- riod from 1991 to 2009. SPSS 17.0 and CMH Chi square test were used for data statistical analysis. Results The prevalences of hypertension increased from 19.38% to 38.09% in adults from developed provinces as Liaoning and Jiangsu, and from 19% to 30.75% among adults from developing provinces as Shandong, Hu- nan, Hubei, Henan and Heilongjiang, and from 13.45% to 23.59% in those from undeveloped provinces as Guangxi and Guizhou. The prevalences of hypertension in adults aged 20-39, 40-59 and ≥60 years increased from 5.56%, 20.59% and 45.72% to 9.6%, 29.48% and 52.56%, respectively. Older females and youn ger males were more likely to have high blood pressure. The total estimated number of nationwide adults with hypertension increased from 111. 515 7 million to 260. 089 million over 20 years period, and total population growth was the major cause which contributed to about 82. 805 million increase. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension keeps increasing rapidly in adult population, especially those from economically developed prov inces in China. The aging of population contributes more to this rapid growth of adult hypertension in China.

关 键 词：高血压 成人 流行 趋势 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]