广东省2012年病毒性腹泻病原学特征分析  

Etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in Guangdong Province,2012

作　　者：邓爱萍[1] 孙立梅[1] 莫艳玲[1] 方苓[1] 康敏[1] 谭小华[1] 李晖[1] 林锦炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2014年第2期119-122,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(A2012085)

摘　　要：目的系统掌握广东省病毒性腹泻的病原学特征及变化趋势,为病毒性腹泻防治工作提供参考依据。方法在广东省选择广州、深圳、肇庆等11个地级市23家哨点医院,每家哨点医院每周至少收集≤5岁和>5岁门诊就诊腹泻病例粪便样本各3份进行轮状病毒和诺如病毒检测。结果 2012年广东省11个哨点监测市23家哨点医院共采集门诊腹泻病例粪便样本4 644份,轮状病毒和诺如病毒阳性检出率分别为13.94%(645/4 627)和22.14%(1 028/4 644)。轮状病毒≤5岁年龄组阳性率为18.60%(445/2 393),>5岁年龄组阳性率为8.95%(200/2 234),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。诺如病毒≤5岁年龄组阳性率为21.88%(524/2 395),>5岁年龄组阳性率为22.41%(504/2 249),差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轮状病毒阳性检出率最高的月份是1月,为41.50%(105/253);诺如病毒阳性检出率最高的月份是10月,为40.15%(218/543)。从1 028份诺如病毒阳性样本中随机抽取226份进行序列测定,结果显示诺如病毒基因型GII型203份、GI型23份。203份GII型中,GII.4型172份(其中GII.4 Sydney 2012变异株87份、GII.4 2006 b变异株78份、GII.4 2010变异株4份、未分型3份)。结论 2012年广东省病毒性腹泻的优势病毒是诺如病毒,而诺如病毒占优势与出现新的诺如病毒GII.4 Sydney 2012变异株有关。Objective To understand the pathogen characters and change variation trend of viral diarrhea in Guangdong Province and to provide reference for prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Meth- ods Twenty-three sentinel hospitals were collected from 11 cities in Guangdong Province. Every sentinel hospital collected at least 3 stool samples of diarrhea outpatients aged 5 and below and above 5 years, re- spectively, for rotavirus and norovirus detection. Results A total of 4 644 specimens of diarrhea cases were collected from 23 sentinel hospitals in 2012 in Guangdong Province. Positive rates of rotavirus and no- rovirus were 13.94% （645/4 627） and 22. 14% （1 028/4 644）, respectively. The rotavirus-positive rate of cases aged 5 and below （ 18.60% ） was significantly higher than that above 5 years （8. 95% ） （ P 〈 0. 01）. The norovirus-positive rates had no significant difference between cases aged 5 and below （21.88%） and those above 5 years （ 22. 41% ） （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The highest rotavirus-positive rate （41.50%, 105/253） presented in January. The highest norovirus-positive rate （40. 15%, 218/543） was in October. Of 226 specimens randomly selected from 1 028 norovirus-positive ones for gene sequenced, 203 belonged to GII genotype and 23 belong to GI genotype. Among 203 GII genotype strains, 172 were GII-4 genotype （87 as GII. 4 Sydney 2012 genotype, 78 as GII. 4 2006 b genotype, 4 as GII. 4 2010 gono- type, and 3 as unsubtyped）. Conclusion The dominant virus of viral diarrhea was norovirus in Guangdong Province in 2012 and relevant to the emergence of GII-4 Sydney 2012 strain.

关 键 词：病毒性疾病 腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]