无融合生殖与柑橘多胚现象的研究进展  

Advances in Apomixis and Polyembryony Research in Citrus Plants

作　　者：张斯淇[1] 徐强[1] 邓秀新[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2014年第1期88-96,共9页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30921002)

摘　　要：植物无融合生殖是指植物的胚珠组织不经历正常的减数分裂和受精作用,而直接进行胚发育形成种子的无性生殖方式。无融合生殖植物完全继承了母体的全部基因型,因而具有独特研究与育种意义。芸香科柑橘属植物具有独特的多胚现象,其珠心组织能够发育成不定胚(称为珠心胚)进行无融合生殖。文中介绍了柑橘类植物的珠心胚生殖现象、细胞学和遗传学研究进展。珠心胚现象虽然对柑橘杂交后代获得有较大影响,但在生产上可产生性状整齐一致的后代,可以培育无病毒苗木。In apomixis asexual reproduction, the ovule generates embryogenesis without meiosis or fertilization, leading to embryo development and seed formation. Apomicts inherit the mother＇s genotype entirely, and therefore have unique significance in research and breeding. Polyembryony, in which nucellar embryos develop from nucellar tissue to undergo apomixis, is a unique phenomenon of Citrus and other genera of Rutaceae. This review focused on the phenomenon of adventitious embryony in Citrus and recent progress in histocytology and genetics. Nucellar embryony hinders the formation of hybrid offspring in 4 Citrus, but it can produce offspring with good unity and can also be used for generating virus- free seedlings.

关 键 词：不定胚生殖 珠心胚 孢子体无融合生殖 柑橘 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]