人食管壁内血管和神经的分布特点  

Distribution of arteries and nerves in human esophagus wall

作　　者：黄小勇[1] 李艳[1] 邓义波[1] 黄建[1] 朱磊[1] 陈道邦[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院解剖学教研室,成都610041

出　　处：《解剖学报》2014年第2期242-247,共6页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家理科学人才培养基金能力提高资助项目(J1103604)

摘　　要：目的探讨人食管壁内血管和神经的分布特点及两者之间的关系。方法幼年尸体标本14例和成人标本4例,共计18例,采用硅胶血管灌注和再改良Sihler神经染色法相结合来显示人食管壁内血管及神经。结果人食管壁内血管整体分布以胸下段及腹段较密集,而颈段和胸上段相对较稀疏,整体前壁内血管较后壁内稀疏,壁内血管的细小分支间形成广泛的网状吻合。人食管壁内神经整体分布以腹段分布最稀疏,胸段壁内神经分布最多密集,但颈胸段壁内神经均衡分布,颈段上部可与来自于咽丛的神经分支形成吻合,食管壁内神经形成网状环路吻合。食管壁内血管与神经之间无明显的伴行关系。结论人食管壁内血管和神经分布均呈现网状吻合,但两者之间无明显伴行关系。Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and relationship between the arteries and nerves in human esophageal wall. Methods Eighteen cadavers （ 14 Childhood cadavers and adult 4 cadavers） were used in this study. The silicone vascular perfusion and remodified Sihler＇ s staining technique were combined to show the intravascular and intramural nerves of the human esophageal wall. Results The vascular disbribution of the cervical and upper thoracic esophagus was less than the lower thoracic and abdominal esophagus. The vascular distribution of the anterior wall was less than the posterior wall. The branches of the arteries formed anastomosis with each other. The nerve distribution of the human esophageal wall was more in thoracic esophagus, and less in abdominal esophagus. The nerve distributions were similar in thoracic and cervical esophagus. Some nerves in upper part of the cervical esophagus connected the with pharyngeal plexus nerve branches. The intramural nerves branches connected with each other, forming an anastomosis network. The distribution of the arteries in the human esophageal wall did not have clear accompany relationship with the nerves in the wall. Conclusion Both of arteries and nerves in human esophagus wall form anastomosis networks, but without clear accompany relationship.

关 键 词：壁内血管 壁内神经 食管 再改良Sihler染色 硅胶血管灌注 人 

分 类 号：R322.43[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]