制备低硫高倍数膨胀石墨优化工艺条件的研究  

STUDY OF THE OPTIMUM PROCESS CONDITIONS FOR PREPARING LOW-SULPHUR AND HIGH-TIMES EXPANDED GRAPHITE

作　　者：陈小文[1] 夏金童 陈宗璋[1] 周声劢[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学化学化工学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《炭素技术》2000年第6期1-4,共4页Carbon Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59972009)

摘　　要：研究了以化学氧化法制备膨胀石墨时 ,原料石墨含硫量、氧化剂、插层剂、酸化、水洗与干燥工艺、膨化工艺等因素对膨胀石墨含硫量和膨胀倍数的影响 ,提出了制备低硫高倍数膨胀石墨的优化工艺条件。即插层前对原料石墨进行降硫处理 ;选用 6 5 %的浓HNO3 或是 30 %的双氧水为氧化剂 ;以浓H2 SO4 与有机物混合液为插层剂 ;酸化反应的时间、温度随氧化剂、插层剂不同而变化 ;以 5 0～ 6 0℃的去离子水水洗石墨层间化合物至 pH为 6～ 7;在 5 5℃的烘箱内干燥 45min或在日光下晾干 (90min) ;膨化温度为 10 0 0℃ ;膨化时间为 6 0s。结果表明 :以此工艺制得的膨胀石墨 ,膨胀倍数在 2 30N以上 ,含硫量为 10 0 0× 10 -6左右。The influence of various factors including the sulphur content of raw graphite, oxidants, intercalation compounds, acidification, watering, drying and expanding process on the sulphur content and final volume of expanded graphite, was studied when the expanded graphite was prepared by the method of chemistry oxidation. The optimum conditions are obtained for preparation of expanded graphite with low sulphur content and high expanding performance, that is:reducing the sulphur content of the raw graphite before it is intercalated; using dense nitric acid (65%) or hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant; using the mixture of dense sulfuric acid and organic compands as intercalation compounds; adjusting the time and the temperature of acidating reaction with the variation of the oxidant and the intercalation compounds; washing graphite compounds with pure water till the pH= 6～7; drying the samples in a dryer at 55 ℃ for 55 min or under the sun light for 90 min; the temperature for expanding being at 1 000 ℃ and the time of expanding being 60 s. The result shows that the expanded time of the expanded graphite prepared under these optimum conditions is over 230 N, and its sulphur content is about 1 000×10 -6 .

关 键 词：低硫高倍数膨胀石墨 制备 优化工艺条件 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]