缓倾煤层采空区滑坡形成机制数值模拟研究  

Failure mechanism numerical simulation of mining landslide with gentle bedding coal strata

作　　者：赵建军[1] 肖建国[1] 向喜琼[2] 黄润秋[1] 王玉川[1] 史文兵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]贵州大学喀斯特环境与地质灾害防治教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2014年第3期424-429,共6页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2013CB733202);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41102190);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目(SKLGP20132005)

摘　　要：以贵州都匀马达岭滑坡为例,采用离散元方法,研究了缓倾煤层采空区滑坡的变形发展过程,提出了该类矿区滑坡防治建议。研究结果表明:采空区顶板塌陷导致上覆岩层弯曲-沉陷,地表产生沉降变形,同时采空区边界部位产生倾倒式拉裂,在地表形成深大拉裂;采空区上部岩体沉陷变形导致坡脚部位岩层往坡外剪切滑移;中部滑面沿变形后倾向坡外的层面和陡倾节理组合形成阶梯状滑面。滑坡形成机制可概括为由采空区顶板变形引发的阶梯状蠕滑—拉裂—剪切滑移式滑坡。缓倾煤层采空区滑坡的防治应从防止采空区顶板塌陷入手,通过回填矸石或加强顶板的永久支护来防治采空区上覆坡体的变形。Taking Madaling landslide in Duyun, Guizhou Province as a case, the deformation-destroy process of land- slide with gently inclined coal goaves was studied by the discrete element method. And the prevention and controlling recommendations of this kind of landslides were proposed according to the results. The simulation results indicate that, the collapse of goaf roof leads to overlying strata bending-subsidence,which induced subsidence of the slope surface, and the toppling of the rock mass induces deep surface cracks above the borders of goaves, and the collapse and sub- sidence of the overlying rock strata causes shearing deformation at the toe of the slope, and the stepped slip surface in the middle part of the slope formes by combination of bedding planes dipping outward and steep joints. As a result, the failure mechanism of mining landslide with gentle bedding strata can be summarized as stepped creeping-crack-shear sliding caused by goal roof deformation. Therefore, in order to control mining landslide with gentle bedding strata, pre- venting goaf roof from collapsing should be taken into consideration. Backfilling waste rocks or supporting of the roof should be carried out to prevent the deformation of slope body above the goaf.

关 键 词：采空区 采矿滑坡 离散元模拟 形成机制 

分 类 号：TD824.7[矿业工程—煤矿开采]