不同灌溉方式在菠萝上的效应及成本分析  

Effect and Cost Analysis of Different Irrigation Methods on Pineapple

作　　者：严程明[1,2] 张江周[1,2] 石伟琦[2] 刘亚男[2] 马海洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]海南省热带作物营养重点实验室(筹)/中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第3期80-84,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(201103003);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(SSCRI200912;1251022011001)

摘　　要：根据对菠萝主产区的扎根调查,发现菠萝种植基本不浇水,生长全靠天降雨这一现象,对菠萝产量和肥料利用效率的提高有一定阻碍作用。希望通过阐述水分对菠萝生长、产量和品质的重要性,提高生产上的灌溉意识。同时,根据实践和学习,着重分析几种常见灌溉方式的优缺点、设施成本以及应用效果,为菠萝灌溉方式的选择提供参考建议。结果表明:①灌溉对于菠萝产量和品质均有促进作用;②滴灌投入成本较高,但能实现水肥一体和自动化管理;③喷水带价格低廉,但需水压较大,不适合大面积菠萝种植使用。因此菠萝大面积种植可以选择滴灌,小面积可以选择喷水带灌溉。This study is based on the investigation in the pineapple production areas. It is found that the native farmers dofft choose to irrigate pineapple in the drought season, while only depend on the rainfall. The planting and cultivation custom has a bad influence on promoting the yield and fertilizer use efficiency. This paper analyzes the importance of water on the growth, yield and quality of pineapple and discusses the advantages and disadvantages, costs and application of different irrigation methods, hoping to raise the consciousness of irrigation and improve the management system in pineapple production. The research results show that irrigation is beneficial to increase the yield and quality of pineapple; the drip irrigation can integrate the water and fertilizer, but its cost is expen- sive; compared with drip irrigation, the cost of water belts is cheaper, but the water belts need higher water pressure in larger areas; therefore, the drip irrigation is suitable for pineapple planted in large area, while the water belts irrigation is suitable for small area.

关 键 词：菠萝 灌溉 滴灌 喷灌 

分 类 号：S668.3[农业科学—果树学]