马来酸酐和丙烯酸改性环氧大豆油基泡沫塑料  

Plastic Foams Based on Soybean Oil Resin Modified by Maleic Anhydride and Acrylic Acid

作　　者：吴素平[1,2] 容敏智[1] 章明秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室中山大学化学与化学工程学院材料科学研究所,广州510275 [2]五邑大学化学与环境工程学院,江门529020

出　　处：《高分子学报》2014年第4期540-550,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：广东省高等学校科技创新重点项目(项目号cxzd1001);广东省科技计划项目(项目号2010A011300004;2011A091102001)资助

摘　　要：利用马来酸酐(MA)和丙烯酸(AA)对环氧大豆油进行双重改性,制得马来酸酐-丙烯酸改性环氧大豆油树脂(MA-AESO),从而在大豆油分子上引入更多的双键和极性基团.MA-AESO与苯乙烯(St)通过自由基共聚合可制得环境友好型泡沫塑料,其机械性能比单独用丙烯酸改性环氧大豆油树脂(AESO)基泡沫塑料有明显的提高,归因于分子链中较大量的双键和极性基团提高了泡沫塑料的交联密度,故而在含有较多植物油成分的情况下达到与传统石油基硬质不饱和聚酯泡沫塑料机械性能相当的目的.实验室模拟土埋实验证明,MA-AESO树脂基泡沫塑料因含有更多的可降解基团,其生物降解性优于AESO树脂基泡沫塑料.In order to improve mechanical properties of the foams made by acrylated epoxidized soybean oil （AESO） ,AESO was further modified with maleic anhydride （MA） to yield another polymerizable resin （MA- AESO） in this work. Accordingly,more double bonds were attached to triglycerides of the soybean oil. Then, the MA-AESO resin was copolymerized with diluent monomer styrene （St） to produce biodegradable MA- AESO foams. Meanwhile,cell structure and compressive properties of the foams prepared at different ratios of MA-AESO/St and curing conditions were characterized. In addition, biodegradability of the forms was investigated by soil burial test. It was found that the foams had higher compressive property than AESO foams, because the former contained more double bonds in triglycerides of the soybean oil, which increased cross- linking density of the foams. Thus, environmental-friendly foams with mechanical performance comparable to traditional petroleum based stiff unsaturated polyester foam plastics can be obtained even at high proportions of the vegetable oil component. In spite of having high cross-linking density, weight loss due to soil burial biodegradation of MA-AESO foams was higher than that of AESO foams,which may be related to the increased amount of ester groups in MA-AESO molecules.

关 键 词：环氧大豆油 马来酸和丙烯酸双重改性 泡沫塑料 力学性能 生物降解 

分 类 号：TQ328.0[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]