长白山阔叶红松林不同群落类型的植物功能性状与功能多样性  

Plant functional traits and functional diversities of different communities in broad-leaved Korean pine forests in the Changbai Mountain

作　　者：么旭阳 胡耀升[1] 刘艳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期77-84,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十二五"林业科技支撑项目(2012BAC01B03-3)

摘　　要：【目的】对长白山阔叶红松林群落进行调查,并对植物功能性状进行分析,为森林群落功能多样性研究奠定理论基础。【方法】对长白山阔叶红松林4种主要植物群落(白桦林、杨桦林、臭冷杉红松林和紫椴红松林)进行群落学调查,选择比叶面积、叶厚度及叶枝中N、P含量6个功能性状及土壤、地形因子进行调查,分林层(乔木层、灌木层、草本层)和群落总体测算群落的物种多样性指数(香农威纳指数)、Walker功能多样性指数、Petchry和Gaston指数、Rao’s二次熵指数、功能丰富度指数、功能均匀度指数和功能分歧指数,对长白山阔叶红松林不同群落、不同林层的功能多样性及各指数间的相关性进行分析。【结果】在100个10m×10m的样方中,植物功能性状的差异比较明显,其中比叶面积变化幅度已高达716.16%;植物功能性状与环境因子密切关联,其中叶片厚度与土壤含水量呈显著负相关,与坡向呈极显著正相关;比叶面积与坡度呈显著正相关;对于群落整体,Walker功能多样性指数与香农威纳指数呈显著正相关,功能丰富度指数与香农威纳指数呈显著负相关。【结论】长白山阔叶红松林群落的功能多样性指数与物种多样性之间的相关性,与群落类型及其所处的演替阶段相互关联,功能丰富度指数随演替的进行而下降,而植物本身的遗传特性和环境因素对群落间功能多样性指数的差异也有必然影响。[Objective] Vegetation communities in the Changbai Mountain were investigated and plant functional traits were analyzed to improve the study on functional diversity of forest communities. [Meth- od] Survey on four communities （Betula [latyphylla, Populus davidiana q- Betula platyphylla, Abies nephrolepi q-Pinus koraiensis, TiZia amurensis q-Pinus koraiensis）of Korean pine forests in the Changbai Mountain was conducted and six functional traits （specific leaf area,leaf thickness, leaf nitrogen, leaf phos- phorus, stem nitrogen, and stem phosphorus）, topography factor and soil factor were investigated. Species diversity index （Shannon Wiener index）, Walker functional diversity index, Petchry and Gaston index, Rao^s quadratic entropy index,functional richness index,functional evenness index and functional diver- gence index of each forest layer and each community were estimated to analyze plant functional diversities.[Result] In 100 quadrats （10 m X 10 m each）,differences in plant functional traits were significant,espe- cially the changes in specific leaf area were as high as 716.16G. Plant functional traits also showed signifi- cant relation with the environment, for example, leaf thickness and soil moisture were negatively correla- ted, leaf thickness was positively related to slope, and specific leaf area and slope had a significantly positive correlation. For the whole community, species diversity index and functional diversity index were closely re- lated,and functional richness index and Shannon Wiener index showed a significantly negative correlation. [Conclusion] Relationships between functional diversity index,species diversity and community types were tightly linked to successional stages. Functional richness decreased with the succession, and the genetic characteristics of plant and environmental factors also had significant effects on functional diversity index.

关 键 词：阔叶红松林 演替阶段 功能性状 功能多样性指数 

分 类 号：S791.247.02[农业科学—林木遗传育种]