腐熟剂对鸡粪堆肥过程中物质变化的影响  

Effects of decomposing inoculants on material changes in chicken manure decomposition

作　　者：岳敏杰[1] 史媛媛[1] 蒋瑞瑞[1] 田亚东[1] 孙桂荣[1] 李国喜[1] 康相涛[1,2] 王彦彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院河南郑州450002 [2]河南省家禽种资资源创新工程研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期152-156,162,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省世行贷款生态畜牧业项目(P100455)

摘　　要：【目的】研究腐熟剂对鸡粪堆肥过程中堆料理化性质的影响,为畜禽粪便的工厂化处理提供参考。【方法】以取自郑州某养鸡场的鸡粪为供试材料,设计腐熟剂组（堆肥中添加了腐熟剂,其活菌数为2×1010 CFU/g）和正常堆肥发酵组（对照组,未添加腐熟剂）2个处理,测定发酵过程（0~40d）中2个处理鸡粪堆肥的温度、含水率、pH值、C/N和NH＋4-N含量,并采用种子发芽指数对堆肥腐熟的毒害性进行评估,然后对发酵结束后2个处理鸡粪堆肥的养分含量进行测定。【结果】腐熟剂组鸡粪堆肥升温速度快,高温维持时间长;水分蒸发快,腐熟后的鸡粪含水率明显下降;发酵结束时,堆肥pH值维持在有利于微生物发酵的弱碱性环境。在发酵过程中,腐熟剂组的C/N在第20天时已小于20,达到腐熟。在发酵第35天时,腐熟剂组种子发芽指数达到80%,明显高于对照组。发酵结束时,腐熟剂组的堆肥臭味减轻,养分含量高于对照组。【结论】利用腐熟剂可以提高鸡粪堆肥发酵效率,减少堆肥养分的流失及对环境的污染。[Obiective] This study investigated the effects of decomposition agents on physicochemical properties of materials during chicken manure compost. [Methed] Two treatments, decomposing inocu- lums group （decomposing microbial inoculums with a viable count of 2× 1010 CFU/g were added） and nor- mal decomposing group （control group）, were allocated in the experiment. Temperature, moisture content, pH value,C/N ratio and ammoniated nitrogen content of chicken manure compost were determined during the composting processing. The seed germination index was used to assess compost maturity toxicity. Sub- sequently,the nutrient contents of each group were measured after composting. [Result] The temperature of the decomposing inoculums group increased faster than that of the control,and maintained a high level. Besides, water evaporated faster in the decomposing inoculums group, and the manure water content signifi- cantly decreased after composting. Moreover, the chicken manure compost maintained a wea ronment,which was beneficial for the microbial decomposing inoculums group declined to 20 at at the end of the composting. When the C the 20th day and the composted chicken f k alkaline envi- /N ratio of the aeces matured.The cont seed germination index reached 80~ at rol. Compared to the control,odors of th centrations increased. chicken manure, while ting. the 35th day,which was significantl e decomposing inoculums group fade y higher than that of the d,while the nutrient con- [Conclusion] The decomposing inoculants increased the composting efficiency of reduced the nutrition nutrient loss and environmental contamination during compos-

关 键 词：鸡粪 腐熟剂 无害化发酵 有机肥 

分 类 号：S141.2[农业科学—肥料学] S141.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]