黑翅土白蚁长翅生殖蚁生殖行为及配对方式研究  

The reproductive behavior of Odontotermes fomosanus(Shiraki) alates

作　　者：冀士琳 嵇保中[1,2] 刘曙雯 曹丹丹[1,2] 刘佳佳[1,2] 杨锦锦[1,2] 张新慰[1,2] 赵正萍[1,2] 王丽平[1,2] Ehsan SOLEYMANINEJADIAN 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心 [2]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037 [3]南京中山陵园管理局,南京210014

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2014年第2期504-515,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20123204110001);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2012816);南京市建委、中山陵园管理局资助课题(200409);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心资助项目

摘　　要：【目的】研究黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes fomosanus（Shiraki）生殖行为及不同配对方式对新巢发育的影响。【方法】分别对雌虫、雄虫和配对的雌雄成虫生殖行为进行观察。将雌、雄虫组合成9种配对方式，室内建立170个新巢，分析初建巢生长发育状况。【结果】成虫日活动节律的两个高峰期分别位于9：00--10：00和21：00--22：00，交配集中在高峰期进行，交配前雌雄成虫有触角触碰、首尾衔接成环、互相舔食的标志性行为。生殖蚁来源于同巢和异巢的处理组，在召唤、配对、串联、交配和产卵等生殖行为中均存在差异，来源于异巢的生殖蚁，其配对时间显著长于同巢（P〈0．05）.未经分飞的成虫可交配、产卵且成功孵化，3个月后，新巢死亡率为0．61％～0．99％，而分飞蚁新建巢的死亡率为0．22％～0．58％。孤雌生殖可产卵，但卯不能孵化。【结论】成虫的生殖行为有两个高峰期；远亲交配分飞蚁新建巢的生存竞争力最强。[Objectives] To study the reproductive behavior and the effect of different pairing combinations on the developmental status of incipient colonies＇of Odontotermes fornosanus （Shiraki）. [Methods] We observed the reproductive behavior of male alates, female alates and paired alates respectively. Male and female alates had 9 pairing modes and founded 170 incipient colonies under laboratory conditions. The effect of pairing modes on incipient colonies＇ developmental status was analysed. [Results] Two hours of peak mating activity within the 24-hour circadian rhythm of alate activity appeared from 09：00 to 10：00, and from 21：00 to 22：00, respectively. Courtship behavior before mating consisted of touching with antennae, connecting into a ring （head-to-end）, and licking. The reproductive behavior （calling, pairing, tandem, mating and oviposition） of nestmate pairs was different to that of non-nestmate pairs. The pairing time of non-nestmate pairs was significantlylonger than that of alates paired with siblings （P〈0.05）. The non-swarming alates could mate with swarming or non-swarming alates and lay fertile eggs which hatched successfully. However, the survival rate of nests founded by non-swarming alates was very low. The death rate of incipient colonies was in the range of 0.61%-0.99% after three months, while the death rate of the nests founded by swarming alates was in the range of 0.22%-0.58%. Females that had been experimentally prevented from mating could lay eggs, but the eggs did not hatch. [Conclusion] There are two distinct hourly peaks of mating activity within each 24 hour period. Incipient colonies found by outbreeding have the highest probability of survival.

关 键 词：黑翅土白蚁 生殖行为 时辰节律 配对方式 室内建巢 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]