茅尾海表层沉积物中重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价  

Distribution andpotential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals insurface sediments of Maowei Sea

作　　者：田海涛[1] 胡希声[2] 张少峰[3] 谢健[1] 张栋 安劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海海洋工程勘察与环境研究院,广东广州510300 [2]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广东广州510300 [3]国家海洋局北海海洋环境监测中心站,广西北海536000 [4]钦州市海洋局,广西钦州535000

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2014年第2期187-191,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105024)

摘　　要：采集了茅尾海11个表层沉积物并进行了Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg和As 6种重金属元素含量测试,分析了重金属的空间分布特征;采用重金属单因子污染系数、综合污染指数对其污染程度进行了评价;并采用Hkanson潜在生态危害系数与潜在生态风险指数法对重金属潜在危害进行了研究。结果表明:茅尾海表层沉积物中重金属含量空间波动较大,变异系数依次为Cd>Hg>As>Zn>Cu=Pb;各重金属单因子污染系数平均值小于1,且各站位综合污染指数Cd均小于8,重金属处于低污染状态,各金属污染程度依次为Pb>As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Hg;各种重金属潜在生态危害系数均远小于40,潜在生态风险指数远小于150,属于低生态危害范畴。与南海区其他近海(湾)相比,茅尾海重金属潜在风险处于较低水平,养殖活动对该海域重金属影响较大。According to the concentrations of Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg and As in the sediments from Maowei Sea,spatial distribution of the heavy metals was studied; the Index of one single factor and integrated pollution index was used to assess heavy metals pollution; the risk of heavy metals were evaluated by the Hkanson ecological detriment and risk index. The results showed that spatial distribution of the heavy metals was very high,the Cv were Cd Hg As Zn Cu = Pb; the average of single factor evaluation（ Cf i） was less than 1,and all of the integrated pollution indexs（ Cd） were less than 8,the quality of sediment belonged to the slight pollution,the sequence of factor index was Pb As Zn Cu Cd Hg; the Hkanson ecological detriment index was less than 40,the Hkanson ecological risk index was less than 150,and it was therefore conclueded that Maowei Sea had slight potiential ecological risk. Compared with the other bays in South China Sea,the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals in Maowei Sea was more slighter,and was influenced by culture seriously.

关 键 词：重金属 潜在生态风险 污染 茅尾海 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]