莱州湾石油烃海洋环境容量计算——基于非线性规划的排海通量最优化法  

Environmental capacity calculation of petroleum hydrocarbons in Laizhou Bay——The discharge optimization method based on the nonlinear programming

作　　者：虞洋[1,2] 彭昌盛[1] 虞兰兰 谷庆宝[4] 常家铭[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]海军北海舰队海洋水文气象中心,山东青岛266003 [3]国家海洋局北海信息中心,山东青岛266061 [4]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2014年第2期293-299,共7页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105020);教育部科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(708060);环保公益性行业科研专项(200809095)

摘　　要：排海通量最优化法是近年来常用于计算海域污染物环境容量的方法。对于石油烃这种非保守物质,本文提出了基于非线性规划的排海通量最优化法(简称非线性规划法)。首先,验证了石油烃点源的线性叠加性;其次,分别选用基于线性规划的排海通量最优化法(简称线性规划法)及非线性规划法,对莱州湾石油烃的环境容量进行计算。结果表明,在I/II类海水水质标准下,线性与非线性规划法计算出的年环境容量分别为6 101.8 t和4 576.1 t。按照线性规划法进行点源的石油烃最优排放规划时,将高估湾内石油烃的自净能力,从而对海域内生态系统造成破坏;非线性规划法则不会出现水质点浓度超标的情况,可对海域的生态环境保护起到更好的指导作用。In recent years,the discharge optimization method was often used in environmental capacity（ EC） calculation of marine pollutants. The discharge optimization method based on the nonlinear programming（ short as the nonlinear programming method） was established and applied to calculate the petroleum hydrocarbons（ PHs） EC. Firstly,the linear superposition of point sources of PHs was proved. The last,according to the data of the monthly average concentration and monthly maximum concentration in Laizhou Bay,the linear programming method and the nonlinear programming method were chosen respectively to calculate environmental capacity of PHs. In standard of seawater grades of I / II,the calculation results of the linear programming method and the nonlinear programming method were 6 101. 8 tons and 4 576. 1 tons respectively. The result shows that linear programming method will overestimate the PHs selfpurification capacity to some extent. However,nonlinear programming method based on monthly maximum data was more reasonable for the environmental protection.

关 键 词：环境容量 非线性规划 非保守物质 石油烃 莱州湾 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]