射流损失──小孔型脉冲管制冷机的一种重要损失  

SPRAY LOSS-AN IMPORTANT LOSS IN PULSE TUBE REFRIGERATOR

作　　者：杨鲁伟[1] 卞诗瑶[1] 梁惊涛[1] 周远[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院低温技术实验中心,北京100080

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2001年第1期22-24,共3页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!(No.59636190);八六三攻关项目!(No.863-CD040201)

摘　　要：脉冲管冷端和热端的层流化元件是脉冲管制冷机的重要部分。本文从流体力学、热力学出发，分析了小孔型脉冲管热端的流动过程和热力过程，确定了小孔型脉冲管的制冷机理。在此基础上，分析表明在脉冲管热端存在射流现象和涡流现象，导致一种气流混合的损失。本文称之为射流损失。设计了几种改进结构，实验验证了这种损失的存在同时也揭示了改进方法的有效性。Spray loss in pulse tube is proposed for the first time. Analysis shows that refrigeration process includes a sudden area change in hot end of pulse tube refrigerator. This sudden change produces refrigeration loss, and its relation to refrigeration is revealed. Experiments show that this loss will effect refrigeration temperature evidently. Some special devices designed by author is proved to reduce this loss. And this loss should be emphasized in actual design.

关 键 词：脉冲管制冷机 射流损失 层流化元件 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]