不同施磷方式对冷浸田磷素养分及水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Different Phosphor·1us Application Methods on Phosphorous Nutrition and Rice Yield in Cold Waterlogged Paddyfi eld

作　　者：刘杰[1] 罗尊长[1] 肖小平[1] 余崇祥[1] 瞿德明 王春林 罗志勇 

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]浏阳市土肥工作站,湖南浏阳410300

出　　处：《湖南农业科学（下半月）》2014年第2期37-39,42,共4页

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201003059-6);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B05-3);湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目(2013YB03)

摘　　要：针对冷浸田水温泥温低,早稻生育前期土壤有效磷供给不足的问题,试验采取磷肥撒施、磷肥集中施、磷肥与活化剂配施、有机无机磷配施等不同施磷方式,研究其对土壤养分供应和水稻产量的影响,并探讨提高磷肥利用率的途径。结果表明:冷浸田早稻施磷肥能显著提高单产,有机无机磷肥配施、集中施磷肥和添加活化剂处理与NPK常规撒施处理相比较,有效提高了土壤磷酸铝盐和磷酸钙盐含量,土壤好气性细菌、真菌和放线菌数量明显增加,水稻磷肥利用率提高明显,是改良冷浸田、提高早稻产量的较适宜施磷方式。According to the problems of cold waterlogged paddyfield, such as low temperature in soil, and lacking supply in soil available phosphorus at early growth period of early rice, the experiments studied the effects of different phosphorus application methods （spreading application, centralized application, combined application with activator, and combined application of organic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer） on soil nutrition supply and rice yield, and discussed the way to improving utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer. The results showed that the yield of early rice can be increased significantly by applying phosphorus fertilizer in cold waterlogged paddyfield; in comparison with conventional spreading application of NPK fertilizers, the methods that combined application of organic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer, centralized application of phosphorus fertilizer, and combined application with activator effectively increased the contents of aluminum phosphate salt and calcium phosphate salt and the number of aerobic bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, enhanced utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer. Thus, those methods were the optimal phosphorus application methods for improving cold waterlogged paddyfield and increasing yield of early rice.

关 键 词：冷浸田 施磷方式 磷素活化剂 磷肥利用率 

分 类 号：S156.8[农业科学—土壤学]