晚稻收割方式和稻茬处理对二化螟越冬的影响  

Effects of Harvest Method and Treatment of Rice Stubble on Over-wintering of Chilo suppressalis Walker

作　　者：吴生伟 彭兆普[1] 蒋桂芳[1] 秦桂泉 何春燕 

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]宁乡县农业局,湖南宁乡410600 [3]孝感工业学校,湖北孝感432100

出　　处：《湖南农业科学（下半月）》2014年第2期48-50,53,共4页

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303017);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD19B03)

摘　　要：通过越冬调查和二化螟性诱剂相结合的方法,研究了收割方式(机械收割、人工收割)和稻茬处理(翻耕、板田)对二化螟越冬的影响。结果表明:机械收割板田区二化螟越冬虫量最大,冬前和冬后越冬虫量高达2 672和2 457头/667m2,机械收割后翻耕种菜区越冬虫量最小,且各处理区二化螟性诱剂诱捕量和冬后越冬基数成正相关关系,机械收割板田区诱捕二化螟的数量显著高于其他处理区诱捕量,平均每盆诱捕二化螟高达53头;剥秆调查表明机械收割区有虫株的单株虫量和存活率显著高于人工收割区,可能与机械收割区的稻茬高度均显著高于人工收割区有关,这说明降低稻茬收割高度和稻茬翻耕处理有利于降低二化螟越冬虫量。Effects of different harvest methods （mechanical harvest and artificial harvest） and treatments of rice stubble （plowed field and unplowed field） on over-wintering of Chilo suppressalis Walker （C. suppressalis） were studied using over-wintering survey and sex pheromone of C. suppressalis. The results showed that the largest number of over-wintering larvae of C. suppressalis was founded in area of unplowed field with mechanical harvest, which reached 40 080 larvae/hm2 and 36 855 larvae/hm2 before winter and after winter, respectively; the minimum number of over-wintering larvae of C. suppressalis was recorded in area of plowed field with mechanical harvest. However, the number of C. suppressalis caught by sex pheromone showed a positive correlation with the number of over-wintering larvae of C. suppressalis, which was significantly higher in area of unplowed filed with mechanical harvest in comparison with the other areas, and it was as high as 53 larvae/pot in average. Moreover, the larvae number per plant and the larvae survival rate of C. suppressalis occurred plant in area of mechanical harvest were significantly higher than those in area of artificial harvest, it may related to the reason that the height of rice stubble in area of mechanical harvesting was significantly higher than that in area of artificial harvest. Therefore, reducing the height of rice stubble and plowed field were useful to reduce the amount of over-wintering larvae of C. suppressalis.

关 键 词：水稻 二化螟 越冬 收割方式 稻茬处理 

分 类 号：S435.112.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]