中国西部区国家级标准样地分布特征及代表性  

Distribution characteristics and representative test of national standard farmland in Western China

作　　者：张蚌蚌[1,2] 孔祥斌[1,2] 相慧[1] 张青璞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第7期227-235,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费课题(201011006-3)

摘　　要：从宏观尺度上把握西部区国家级标准样地数量、质量、空间分布特征及对耕地的代表性程度，对建立和完善覆盖全国的耕地质量监测体系意义重大。该文以西部区（12个省、市、自治区）农用地分等及标准样地数据为基础，分析西部区国家级标准样地在等别（质量）、耕作制度二级区上的数量分布状况，基于GIS剖析标准样地的空间分布特征，基于统计学等定量方法对国家级标准样地代表性程度进行验证。结果表明：从数量分布来看，西部区国家级标准样地在等别范围4～15每个等别上均有分布，但在各等别上数量差异较大；在各二级区上数量分布不均匀，其中5个二级区没有标准样地分布，主要集中在7个二级区。从空间分布来看，西部区国家级标准样地总体上处于均匀分布，但空间分布差异显著，均匀分布和凝聚分布并存。最后，根据西部区国家级标准样地的分布特征和代表性检验结果，提出西部区国家级标准样地布设的优化调整建议。To deeply understand the quantity, quality, spatial distribution characteristics and the representative of cultivated land of national standard farmland in western China at macro scale, it is very important to set up and improve the monitoring system of cultivated land quality in the whole country. This paper, based on the database of farmland classification and national standard farmland in western China （12 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions）, gives a analysis of the quantitative distribution characteristic of national standard farmland of the western region in gradation （quality） and on a secondary zone of the standard farming system. The paper then analyzes the spatial distribution features of standard farmland based on GIS and conducts inspection, definition and statistical tests for the representative of national standard farmland. Results show that： （1） In the view of quantitative distribution characteristics, national standard farmlands of the western China were distributed across all the gradations 4-15, but exhibited great differences in each gradation, such as more than half of them concentrated in 8-12 gradation. The distribution of national standard farmland in the 4, 5, 14, and 15 grades was less. Furthermore, national standard farmlands of the western China are unevenly distributed in the secondary zone and have not covered 28 secondary zones of the standard farming system. Therefore, there exists cultivated land but no national standard farmland in five secondary zones such as Daxing＆#39;an Mountains region and so on. （2） From the spatial distribution characteristics, national standard farmland is uniformly distributed on the whole, but there is a significant spatial difference and there exist excessive concentration phenomena in six secondary zones. Thus, the data presented suggest that we should adjust and optimize the monitoring sample plot layout of national standard farmland in western China, according to a comprehensive analysis of the testing results and th

关 键 词：优化 土地利用 等级 国家级标准样地 分布特征 西部区 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济]