柴松、油松苗期形态解剖和生理特性差异性比较  

Comparision of Anatomy and Physiology in Seedling Stage between Pinus tabulaeformis f.shekanensis and Pinus tabulaeformis

作　　者：李龙[1] 解庆[1] 李周岐[1] 刘志红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2014年第2期92-97,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972382)

摘　　要：采集柴松和油松天然林种子并进行播种育苗和栽培试验,比较研究2种松树1年生幼苗的形态解剖和生理特征。结果表明:在生理方面,柴松针叶的POD酶活性大于黄龙、周至、洛南3个居群的油松并差异显著。柴松针叶叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量均略小于3个居群的油松。关于针叶解剖的指标,柴松的单个树脂道面积、单个针叶横截面的树脂道总面积、内皮层厚度、针叶厚度、针叶宽度均小于3个居群的油松并存在显著地差异。柴松的针叶截面面积和针叶截面周长均小于黄龙油松和周至油松并存在明显的差异,而与洛南油松无明显区别。柴松的树脂道总面积与针叶横截面面积比显著的小于洛南油松,而与黄龙和周至2个居群无明显差异。关于茎干解剖特征的指标,柴松的木质部厚度、皮层厚度、单个树脂道面积、单个茎横截面树脂道总面积均小于3个居群油松并存在显著差异。柴松的韧皮部厚度小于周至和黄龙2个居群的油松并差异显著。柴松与黄龙油松的周皮厚度存在显著差异,而与周至和洛南2个居群无明显区别。利用系统聚类法分别对柴松和3个居群的油松生理学特征、针叶解剖学特征、茎干解剖学特征进行聚类分析,聚类结果显示,3个居群的油松亲缘关系较近,而与柴松亲缘关系较远。The seeds of Pinus tabulaeformis f. shekanensis （PTS） were collected from Fuxian （northern Shaanxi）, and P. tabulaeformis （PT） from three locations： Huanglong （northern Shaanxi）, Zhouzhi （central Shaanxi）, and Luonan （southern Shaanxi）. All the seeds were from the populations of virgin for- ests. Experiments were carried out on raising seedlings by sowing the seeds in the same location. One year old seedlings were obtained and used to examine the anatomical structures and physiological features. The results showed the contents of chlorophy II a,, b,, total chlorophy II , and soluble protein in needles of PTS were lower than three populations of PT, on the other hand, peroxidase activities of needles of the former were significantly higher than the later. Significant differences were found in the resin canal area, needle width and thickness between two varieties at 0.05 level. The perimeter, cross-sectional area of needle of PTS were significantly smaller than PT from Huanglong and Zhouzhi population, but they were not signif- icantly different between PTS and PT of Luonan population at 0.05 level. The gross resin canal area to cross-sectional area ratio of PTD needle were significantly smaller than PT of Luonan population, but they were not significantly different between PT of Huanglong and Zhouzhi population. Significant differences were found between PTS and PT of three populations in xylem thickness, cortex thicknes, average area of resin duct and the gross resin canal area of needles. The phloem of PTS was significantly smaller than PT of Huanglong and Zhouzhi population. Significantly differences were observed in the thickness of periderm between PTS and PT of Huanglong population, it was not different between Zhouzhi and Luonan popula- tion. System clustering analysis demonstrated a distant relationship between PT and PTS, while a near re- lationship between PT of three populations based on physical characteristics, anatomical characteristics of needles and anatomical characterist

关 键 词：柴松 油松 苗期栽培试验 生理特性 解剖构造 

分 类 号：S791.240.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]