全球环境政治与帝国式生活方式——复合危机中国家—资本关系的表达  

Global Environmental Politics and the Imperial Mode of Living:Articulations of State-Capital Relations in the Multiple Crisis

作　　者：乌尔里希.布兰德 马尔库斯.威森文 李庆[2] 郇庆治[2] 

机构地区：[1]奥地利维也纳大学政治系 [2]北京大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2014年第1期12-20,共9页Journal of Poyang Lake

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"绿色变革视角下的国内外生态文化重大理论研究"(12AZD074)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：为了理解资源和能源密集的现实日常实践的持续存在以及由此带来的社会生态后果,本文引入了被资本和资本主义国家所确证的"帝国式生活方式"这一概念。帝国式生活方式主要基于无限占用资源、劳动力和对全球"污水池"的过度利用要求。在复合危机的现实构型下,它有助于维护北半球发达国家的社会稳定,也为南半球的许多社会提供了支配性的方向。同时,它还把全球环境政治带入严重的危机之中,造成了就自然资源和"污水池"而言的(新)帝国主义战略。正是在这个意义上,帝国式生活方式既使得危机更加严重,又使得危机在社会和空间有限的维度上能够被应对。因而,这个概念有助于理解新自由主义—帝国主义的现实构型既持续存在又发生危机,也能帮助我们辨识反霸权斗争的起点。The article introduces the concept of the ＂imperial mode of living＂, which is sustained by capital and the capitalist state, in order to understand the persistence of resource and energy-intensive everyday practices and their socio-ecological consequences. The imperial mode of living is principally based on an unlimited appro- priation of resources and labor power and on a disproportionate claim to global sinks. In the constellation of the ＂ multiple crises＂, it contributes to safeguarding social stability in the global North and provides a hegemonic orien- tation in many societies of the global South. At the same time it has plunged global environmental politics into a severe crisis, fostering （neo-）imperialist strategies with respect to natural resources and sinks. In this sense, the imperial mode of living makes the crisis both more acute and able to be processed in a socially and spatially lim- ited dimension. The concept thus helps to understand the simultaneous persistence and crisis of the neo-liberal/ imperial constellation and to identify starting points for counter-hegemonic struggles.

关 键 词：帝国式生活方式 全球环境政治 支配权 化石燃料支撑的生产和消费模式 危机政治 

分 类 号：F03[经济管理—政治经济学]