清代东北旗人经商现象探赜  

Research on the Phenomenon of Bannerman Engaged in Commercial Activities in Northeast Area during The Qing Dynasty

作　　者：付永正[1] 刁书仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,长春130024

出　　处：《商业研究》2014年第4期186-192,共7页Commercial Research

摘　　要：女真人在历史上素有经商传统,清廷也未明令禁止普通旗人经商,但东北旗人在驰禁前参与商贸活动多以农副产品、渔猎品等的兜售为主。由于务农比经商更易维持生计,八旗旗署的管控也挫伤了东北旗人经商的积极性。在弛禁后,清廷放松了对旗人的人身控制,东北旗人的经商规模有了较快发展,经商地点愈发集中于城镇,贩卖人参、开设车店、揽运货物、开设商铺是主要的经商方式。The Jurchen had been keeping a traditional business in history .The Qing government never banned the ordi-nary bannerman to engage in commercial activities , but the northeast bannerman′s commercial activities maintained in bringing the agricultural and sideline products fishing and hunting products to market to sell and so on .Farming liveli-hood was more easy than business , and the Banners bureaucratic′s control, these adverse factors dampened the enthusi-asm of the banner business .Since the age of emperor Tongzhi , the Qing government relaxed the bannerman′s personal restrictions , the northeast bannerman′s commercial activities had a rapid development in scale , the commercial activities were more and more concentrated in the cities and towns during this period , and trafficking of ginseng , operating hotel to provide accommodation and simple food for passengers and horses , transportation of goods , operating various types of stores, all of them were the main advanced ways of doing business .

关 键 词：清代 东北旗人 经商 方式 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]