我国35～74岁成人肥胖发病率及其可控危险因素的前瞻性队列随访研究  

Incidence of obesity and its modifiable risk factors in Chinese adults aged 35-74 years： a prospective cohort study

作　　者：李建新[1] 樊森[1] 李莹[1] 陈纪春[1] 曹杰[1] 黄建凤[1] 赵连成[1] 刘小清[2] 俞玲[3] 邓颖[4] 陈娜萦[5] 郭东双 阮连生 顾东风[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院国家心血管病中心阜外心血管病医院循证医学部,北京100037 [2]广东省心血管病研究所 [3]福建省立医院 [4]四川省疾病预防控制中心 [5]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心 [6]山西省盂县人民医院 [7]浙江省舟山市普陀区心脑血管病防治研究所

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2014年第4期349-353,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划（2006BAI01A01,2011BAI11B03,2011BAI09B03）

摘　　要：目的 了解我国成人肥胖的发病率,并探讨肥胖相关可控危险因素.方法 以1998年中国心血管流行病学多中心协作研究和2000年中国心血管健康多中心合作研究的27 020名35 ～ 74岁成人的调查作为基线,进行平均7.9年的前瞻性随访,收集肥胖及其相关危险因素指标;以BMI （kg/m2） 24.0～27.9作为超重,≥28.0作为肥胖,分别计算超重和肥胖的发病率;采用多因素logistic回归分析,调整性别、年龄、南北方、城乡等基线相关因素后,计算各危险因素对于肥胖发病的相对危险度.结果 我国35 ～ 74岁成人肥胖年发病率为6.97‰,女性（7.74‰）高于男性（6.10‰）,北方（9.29‰）高于南方（5.10‰）,农村（7.28‰）高于城市（6.52‰）,超重年发病率为24.83‰.多因素调整后,与高中（12年教育）以下学历人群相比,高中及以上学历人群肥胖发病风险降低18％;中等收入人群肥胖发病相对风险是低收入人群的1.28倍;与从事中-重度体力工作人员相比,从事轻度体力工作和非在岗（家务劳动和退休）人员发病风险分别增加32％和63％;常饮牛奶和食用中等量水果,分别可以降低38％和19％的肥胖发病,而食用较多红肉可增加肥胖发病风险,常饮花茶者肥胖发病相对风险是不饮茶者的1.34倍.结论 我国35～ 74岁成人肥胖发病率达6.97‰.为了预防与控制肥胖流行,应提倡健康的生活方式,适当增加体力活动,鼓励喝牛奶,适量食用水果,减少红肉的摄入和花茶的饮用,尤其是在低学历和中等收入人群中.Objective To examine the incidence of obesity and its modifiable risk factors in Chinese adults aged 35-74 years.Methods A total of 27 020 participants aged 35 to 74 years from two prospective cohort studies in China were followed up in the years of 2007 and 2008.Obesity and overweight were defined as body mass index ≥28.0,and 24.0-27.9 kg/m2,respectively.Relative risks of obesity for risk factors were computed by using logistic regression.Results The annual incidence rates of obesity and overweight were 6.97‰ and 24.83‰ in Chinese adults aged 35-74 years,respectively.Women had a higher incidence of obesity than men （7.74‰ vs.6.10‰）.Participants in northern China had a higher incidence than those in southern （9.2% vs.5.10‰） part of the country.Adults in rural had a higher incidence than those in urban （7.28‰ vs.6.52‰）.After adjusting for the baseline variables,such as gender,age,geographic region,degree of urbanization,the relative risk for obesity was 0.82 （95%CI：0.68-0.99） for participants with ≥12 years＇ education,compared with those 〈 12 years.Participants with middle income,less physical activity at work/housework or being retirees,consuming more red meat and scented tea etc,had higher risk of incidence of obesity.Participants who consumed milk and moderate amount of fruits,would show a lower risk of obesity.Conclusion The incidence of obesity was 6.97‰ in Chinese middle and older adults.Our results underscored that the promotion of healthy lifestyle which include issues as increasing physical activity,consuming moderate amount of fruits and milk but less red meat,drinking less scented tea etc,could play key roles in obesity prevention and control among the Chinese adults,especially among people with low education level or with middle income.

关 键 词：肥胖 发病率 前瞻性研究 可控危险因素 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]