矿物质有机肥与化肥配施对甘肃河西绿灌区玉米产量构成的影响  

Effect on Yield Components of Maize under Combined Application Mineral Organic Fertilizer with Chemical Fertilizer in Hexi Corridor Oasis Irrigation Area

作　　者：黄鹏[1,2] 代平平 陈雅慧 汪佳新 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《玉米科学》2014年第2期117-122,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B10)

摘　　要：在甘肃省河西绿洲灌区通过大田试验,研究矿物质有机肥与化肥配施对玉米产量构成的影响。结果表明,配施矿物质有机肥可以显著提高玉米的生物产量、子粒产量及肥料贡献率。与当前施肥水平比较,玉米在配施矿物质有机肥750 kg/hm2的条件下,化肥不减量和减量15%生物产量分别为38 647、36 869 kg/hm2,比单施化肥处理增产7.61%和2.66%;子粒产量分别为16 544、15 783 kg/hm2,增产7.56%、2.48%;肥料对生物产量贡献率分别为56.26%和49.07%,比单施化肥处理提高11.05和3.87个百分点,表明在配施矿物质有机肥750 kg/hm2的前提下,将氮、磷化肥施用量在当前水平上减量15%可以保证玉米子粒产量稳定在高产水平。The effects on the yield components of maize under combined application mineral organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer in Hexi corridor oasis irrigation area were studied. The results showed that application of min- eral organic fertilizer improved biomass, grain yield and contribution rate of fertilizer significantly. Under the condition of combing application mineral organic fertilizer to 750 kg/ha, the treatments of application chemical fertilizer reduced 0 and 15% to local optimal fertilization treatments. The biomass and grain yields were 38 647, 36 869 kg/ha and 16 544, 15 783 kg/ha, respectively, which increased 7.61%, 2.66% and 7.56%, 2.48% respectively by the mere ap- plication of chemical fertilizer. The contribution rate of fertilizer were 56.26% and 49.07%, which were superior to application of chemical fertilizer 11.05 and 3.87 percentage respectively. The results had proved that it was viable to keep the grain yield of maize at the high yield level by reducing application amount of chemical fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorous by 15% when combing the application mineral organic fertilizer 750 kg/ha.

关 键 词：玉米 矿物质有机肥 化肥减量 产量构成 肥料贡献率 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]