主养草鱼池塘的浮游植物群落结构及其环境影响因素研究  

Studies on phytoplankton community structure and its environmental impact factors in the ponds stocked mainly Ctenopharyngodon idellus

作　　者：李瑞娇[1] 吕元蛟[1] 张念[1] 赵峰[1] 周琼[1] 何绪刚[1] 谢从新[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2014年第2期77-82,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系(nycytx-49-09);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B06);淡水池塘工程化改造与环境修复技术研究与示范行业专项(201203083)

摘　　要：2012年5—10月，调查和分析了湖北省公安县崇湖渔场主养草鱼池塘的浮游植物群落结构及各种水环境因子，并利用典范相关分析方法（CCA）对池塘浮游植物与环境因子的关系进行了分析。结果显示：研究水体浮游植物隶属8个门102属240种，其中绿藻门44属114种，蓝藻门20属44种，硅藻门12属19种，裸藻门10属38种，金藻门5属7种，甲藻门4属6种，隐藻门2属4种；浮游植物密度变化范围为1．77～8．83×10^7ind／L，平均密度为4．23×10^7ind／L，生物量变化范围为12．24～298．58mg／L，平均生物量为44．13mg／L；池塘的Shan—non—Wiener指数变化范围为1．80～3．69，Margalef指数为3．12～6．74，Pielou均匀度指数为0．31～0．61；影响浮游植物数量的主要环境因子为水温、透明度、溶氧、pH、亚硝态氮和悬浮物。During May to October, 2010, the community structures phytoplankton and physico-chemical factors in the ponds where Ctenopharyngodon idellus were predominant stocking fish species were investigated and analyzed. The relationship between phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors in the ponds were conducted using canonical cor- respondence analysis （CCA）. Present study showed that phytoplankton identified from the ponds belonging to 240 species, 102 genera and 8 phyla. Specifically, phytoplankton included Chlorophyta （114 species, 44 genera）, Cyanophyta （44 species, 20 genera）, Baeillariophyta （19 species, 12 genera）, Euglenophyta （38 species, 10 genera）, Chrysophyta （7species, 5 genera）, Xanthophyta （8 species, 5 genera）, Pyrrophyta （6 species, 4 genera）, and Cryptophyta （4 species, 2 genera）. The phytoplankton density ranged from 1.77 ×10^7 to 8.83 × 10^7 ind/L and the average was 4, 23 × 10^7 ind/L. The phytoplankton biomass ranged from 12. 24 to 298.58 mg/L and the average was 44. 13 mg/L. Shannon- Wiener diversity index was 1, 80 -3.69, Margalef diversity index was 3.12 -6. 74 and Pielou evenness index was 0. 31 - 0. 61. The CCA final results showed that WT, SD, DO, pH, NO2 - -N and SS were the main factors affecting the number of phytoplankton.

关 键 词：草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 池塘养殖 浮游植物 群落结构 典范相关分析 

分 类 号：S965.89[农业科学—水产养殖]