云南高原楚雄市降水分布与旱涝灾害分析  

Analysis of Precipitation Distribution and Drought and Flood Disasters in Chuxiong City on the Yunnan Plateau

作　　者：何萍[1,2] 李矜霄[3] 许国琴[1] 李宏波 

机构地区：[1]云南楚雄师范学院地理科学与旅游管理系,云南楚雄675000 [2]北京大学大气与海洋科学系,北京100871 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,大气环境专业南京210044 [4]云南临沧市气象局,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《地球与环境》2014年第2期162-167,共6页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(40965002);云南省自然科学基金资助项目(2005D0077M2)

摘　　要：运用楚雄市1961～2009年的降水量资料，通过统计检验、五点三次滤波法并计算了楚雄降水距平百分率，分析了楚雄市旬、侯、月、季、年际降水量变化特征及早涝灾害的时间分布特征，得出楚雄市49年平均降雨量为867．77mm，2000～2009年来年平均降雨量为935．57mm，比49年均值偏高67．8mm，呈上升趋势。降水主要集中在5～10月，干湿明显，楚雄市冬春干旱年年都有发生，只是程度不同，初夏干旱如遇大气环流异常发生的机率较大，干旱发生连续性较强，洪涝灾害偶有发生。并对旱涝灾害成因进行了分析，提出了旱涝灾害防治基本对策。Based on the meteorology data of precipitation during 1961- 2009, this paper used statistical test and five-point threetimes filtering method , then calculated the anomalous percentage of precipitation in Chuxiong City. Finally, this paper analyzed the variation of precipitation on different time scales, and analyzed the time distribution characteristics of drought and flood disasters. The results show that the average annual precipitation in the past 49 years in Chuxiong is 867.77 m, the average annual precipitation in recent 10 years is 935.57 m, which is higher than the average annual precipitation （67.8 m） in the past 49 years, showing an ascending trend. Precipitation is mainly concentrated in May to October, and shows the characteristics of dry and wet weather obviously. There happen droughts in winter and spring every year, but the difference is merely is the degree. There is a big probability that droughts happen in early summer when general atmospheric circulation is abnormal, and the continuity of drought is fairly strong, but flood disasters happen occasionally. On the other hand, we also analyzed the cause of drought and flood disasters, and put forward the basic countermeasures to prevent drought and flood disasters.

关 键 词：云南高原 楚雄市 降水 旱涝 时间变化 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]