量词“个”与名词的组合倾向及中性选择机制  

On Construction Rule of Classifier “ge”(个) and Nouns and Its Neutral-selective Mechanism

作　　者：周芍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学国际文化学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2014年第1期86-93,共8页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：2012年广东省教育厅人文社科研究青年基金项目"名词量词组合双向选择研究与认知解释"(2012WYM_0045);2011年教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目"汉语动量结构状补句位选择机制及跨语言比较"(11YJC740159)

摘　　要：文章首先比较了中性量词"个"与特性量词互换造成的差异,并分析了其背后深层次的原因;接着根据结构组合适配理论,指出"个"具有"划界性",适用于"中性语言环境",与特性量词构成对立互补格局,在与名词组合时,只指向名词的理性意义,且提出"中性选择机制"的新解释;基于大型语料库统计,提取了"个"与述人名词组合的语义特征及其语用环境;接着进一步解释了"个"与述物名词组合的可能性与理据;最后归纳出"个"与名词组合的倾向性规律,并指出其组合连续统的特点。这对于量词教学将有极大的启发性。The paper first studied the semantic difference caused by the interchange of general classifier ＂ge＂ （个） and other specific classifiers, and analyzed its deep-hiding reason. Then based on the construction rules, it pointed out that ＂ge＂ can demarcate things, which is normally used in a neutral contexts, and it formed a contrast, complemen- tary situation with other specific classifiers. When ＂ge＂ is combined with nouns, it only points to the ideational mean- ing of nouns. The paper also explained the whole process by ＂neutral- selective mechanism＂ . The paper also figured out the semantic features and pragmatic rules of human-referential nouns founded in the statistical analysis of ＂ge＂ and noun combinations in corpus. The possibility and reason of combination of ＂ge＂ and thing-referential nouns are explored as well. Finally, the preferable rules of combination ＂ge＂ and noun and its character as ＂syntagmatic continuum＂ are summed up.

关 键 词：中性量词 特性量词 中性选择机制 倾向性规律 组合连续统 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]