低GWP工质空调冷凝器性能模拟计算  

Simulation and calculation for performance of an air-conditioning condenser with low GWP working fluids

作　　者：韩广明[1] 李敏霞[1] 马一太[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《化工进展》2014年第4期824-830,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51176133);天津市自然科学基金(12JCYBJC13800)项目

摘　　要：建立了翅片管式冷凝器的稳态分布参数数学模型,考虑了冷凝器内部的实际流动状态,包括压降和流动型态,用Visual Basic计算机语言编写了翅片管式冷凝器模拟计算程序,并利用R22的计算结果与文献中的实验结果进行了对比验证,得到了较好的一致性。基于此模型模拟了低全球变暖潜能(global warming potential,GWP)工质R290、HFO1234yf和HFO1234ze在冷凝器内的流动换热特性,分析了改变迎面风速、制冷剂质量流量以及管内径尺寸时换热量和压降的变化情况,并与现在广泛使用的R410A进行了性能的对比分析。结果表明,稳定风速时R290换热量最大,HFO1234yf最小;相同情况下HFO1234yf和HFO1234ze最容易达到过冷状态;压降相同时,R410A的质量流量最大,R290的最小;换热量相同时,HFO1234yf的质量流量最大,R290的质量流量最小。为低GWP工质翅片管式冷凝器的优化设计和系统匹配以及制冷剂的替代提供理论基础。A distributed parameter mathematical model was established for a finned tube condenser under steady state, and the actual flow condition was taken into consideration inside the condenser in this model, such as pressure drop and flow patterns. Simulation program of the finned tube condenser was written with the Visual Basic language. Comparisons were conducted between simulation results and data from experiment in the literature. The results showed that good consistency of the model. Based on this model, the characteristics of the flow and heat transfers of low GWP （ Global Warming Potential） working fluids, R290, HFO1234yf and HFO1234ze in the finned tube condenser were simulated. When the head-on wind speed, mass flow rate and pipe diameter size were altered, the changes of refrigerating capacity and pressure drop were analyzed and the performance comparisons between the above low GWP refrigerants and R410A now widely used were carried out. The results showed that R290 had the biggest heat exchange capacity and HFO1234yf had the smallest under steady wind speed. HFO1234yf and HFO1234ze reached super-cooled state most easily in the same case. When pressure drops were the same, mass flow rate of R410A was the maximum and that of R290 was the minimum. When heat exchange capacity was the same, mass flow rate of HFO1234yf was more than the others and R290 was smaller than the others. The model could provide theoretical basis for the optimization design and system matching of low GWP refrigerant finned tube condenser and the refrigerant alternatives.

关 键 词：翅片管式冷凝器 模拟计算 换热特性 低GWP工质 

分 类 号：TB657.5[一般工业技术—制冷工程]