超临界水氧化技术中盐沉积问题的研究进展  

Current research status of salt deposition in supercritical water oxidation

作　　者：徐东海[1] 王树众[1] 张峰[1] 黄传宝[1] 唐兴颖[1] 郭洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《化工进展》2014年第4期1015-1021,1029,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(20120201120069);国家自然科学基金青年基金(21206132);中国博士后科学基金(2013M540748);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(xjj2012032)项目

摘　　要：超临界水氧化技术在处理高浓度难降解有机废水时具有去除率高、反应速度快、无二次污染等独特的优势,但存在盐沉积引起的反应器堵塞问题。本文针对国内外盐沉积问题研究的技术现状进行系统综述,归纳了盐沉积问题的研究方法,总结了部分盐在超临界水中的溶解度以及沉积和分离特性,阐述了盐沉积理论及从源头控制盐沉积途径,介绍了避免盐沉积引起反应器堵塞的技术方法,并对后续的研究进行了展望。指出盐沉积问题的解决还需进一步研究盐形成和沉积机理,建立不同盐类混合物的相图,研究盐沉积动力学和多组分系统的相行为,考察多组分盐之间的相互作用机制。这些信息有利于研究人员掌握超临界水氧化技术中盐沉积问题的基础知识和发展方向,有助于在实际工程应用中指导反应器结构设计和优化运行条件。Supercritical water oxidation has unique advantages, such as high removal efficiency, fast reaction and no secondary pollutants in handling high concentration and bio-refractory organic wastewaters. However, salt deposition can result in reactor plugging. The research status concerning salt deposition in supercritical water oxidation is reviewed, The research methods of salt deposition, and the solubility, deposition and separation properties of some inorganic salts are summarized. Salt deposition theories and essential control approaches are presented, and the techniques of avoiding reactor plugging induced by salt deposition are introduced. Solving salt deposition requires further investigating salt formation and deposition mechanisms, establishing phase diagrams of different salt mixtures, study of salt deposition dynamics and phase behavior of multi-component salt systems, and examining the interaction mechanism of multi-component salts. This information is helpful for researchers to acquaint with basic knowledge and subsequent research contents related to the salt deposition problem in supercritical water oxidation. It is also valuable in guiding reactor configuration design and operation parameter optimizations in real application.

关 键 词：超临界水 超临界水氧化 盐沉积 堵塞 反应器 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]