转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田害虫群落多样性季节动态研究  

Seasonal Dynamics of Diversity of Insect Communities in Transgenic Glyphosate-insect-resistant Cotton

作　　者：姜伟丽[1] 马小艳[1] 彭军[1] 马亚杰[1] 马艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2014年第2期105-112,共8页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家转基因生物培育重大专项--转基因棉花环境安全评价技术(2013ZX08011-002);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项基金(SJA1207);国家现代农业产业技术体系棉花体系(CARS-18-13)

摘　　要：为了明确转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉对棉田害虫群落多样性的影响,于2010-2012年,在田间隔离条件下,采用直接观察法,分析比较多样性指数、优势集中性指数、均匀性指数、优势种和优势度等相关参数。结果表明,在6月中下旬及7月中下旬至8月上旬,转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田害虫群落多样性指数和均匀性指数显著高于常规棉,而其优势集中性显著低于常规棉;与Bt棉相比,二者在同时期的害虫群落参数变化趋势基本一致,差异不明显。3种棉田在其他时段的群落参数变化趋势一致,无明显差异。同时,转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田的优势害虫种类比较稳定;因此,种植该双抗棉对棉田害虫群落结构的影响较小,不会扰乱害虫群落的稳定性。In fields under isolation conditions, the effects of transgenic glyphosate-insect-resistant cotton to pest community di- versity on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson index, evenness index, and with regard to dominant species and domi- nance were analyzed using the direct observation method in 2010-2012. The results showed that the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index of pest communities in transgenic glyphosate-insect-resistant cotton fields were significantly higher than those in non-transgenic cotton, but the Simpson index was lower than that in non-transgenic cotton in mid-to-late June and mid-to-late July to early August. Furthermore, it was equal to Bt cotton with regard to these parameters during the same periods. At other times, pest community parameters showed no significant differences among the three cotton fields. Moreover, the re- sults showed that the dominant pest species of transgenic glyphosate-insect-resistant cotton were more stable with little change over the years. Therefore, it seems that the planting of transgenic glyphosate-insect-resistant cotton has no significant effect on pest communities and does not disrupt pest communities＇ stability.

关 键 词：转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉 害虫群落 生物多样性 优势集中性指数 均匀性指数 

分 类 号：S435.622[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]