水分胁迫对棉花幼苗水分利用和光合特性的影响  

Effects of Water Stress on Water Utilization and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics in Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) Seedlings

作　　者：李平[1] 张永江[1] 刘连涛[1] 孙红春[1] 王旗 李存东[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/河北省作物生长调控实验室,河北保定071001 [2]河北省经济作物技术指导站,石家庄050011

出　　处：《棉花学报》2014年第2期113-121,共9页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41101338;31171495);河北省自然科学基金(C2012204054);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2012GB2A200028)

摘　　要：以转基因棉花品种农大棉8号和鲁棉研28号为材料进行盆栽试验,设置正常处理(CK)、轻度胁迫(LS)、中度胁迫(MS)、重度胁迫(SS)和极度胁迫(ES)5个水分处理。结果表明:随着水分胁迫程度的加重,棉花幼苗的生长受到明显的抑制,2个品种的叶片相对含水率、叶水势、净光合速率(Pn)、光能利用率(LUE)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ光化学量子效率(φPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)呈下降趋势;气孔限制值(Ls)、水分利用率(WUE)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)呈上升趋势。两品种的Pn和NPQ的MS、SS和ES与CK相比差异显著,不同测定时期各胁迫处理的平均Pn比CK分别下降了11.5%、18.1%、32.1%和38.1%;平均NPQ比CK上升了24.1%、50.9%、79.4%和145.1%。表明棉花幼苗期持续轻度水分胁迫对叶片光合能力无显著影响,但高于中度的持续水分胁迫会造成叶片光合能力下降和光抑制加重。The responses of leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, photosynthetic parameters, and chlorophyll fluores- cence parameters were studied with different Bt transgenic cotton cultivars （Nongdamian 8 and Lumianyan 28） under five differ- ent water stresses： normal irrigation （CK）, light stress （LS）, middle stress （MS）, severe stress （SS）, and extreme stress （ES）. The results showed that the growth of cotton seedlings was inhibited significantly. Water stress resulted in a progressive decrease in relative leaf water content, leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, light use efficiency （LUE）, maximum photosynthe- sis efficiency of PS II （Fv/Fm）, actual photosynthesis efficiency of PS II in light （q^PS II）, and photochemical quenching （QP）. However, it led to an increase in the limiting value of stomata （Ls）, water use efficiency （WUE）, and non-photochemical quench- ing （NPQ）. Overall, compared with CK, there were significant differences in Pn and NPQ between LS, MS, SS, and ES： from LS to ES, the average PN decreased by 11.5%, 18.1%, 32.1%, and 38.1%, respectively, whereas NPQ increased by 24.1%, 50.9%, 79.4%, and 145.1%, respectively. The experiments indicated that LS had little effect on photosynthetic characteristics during the cotton seedling stage, but greater water stress （higher than MS） resulted in the decline of photosynthetic capacity and photoinhi- bition of PS II.

关 键 词：棉花幼苗 水分胁迫 光合 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]