钕对甜瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nd^(3+) on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield and Fruit Quality in Muskmelon

作　　者：张小红 

机构地区：[1]福州市农业科学研究所,福建福州350018

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2014年第2期248-256,共9页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：福建省科技厅重点项目(2011S0002);福州市科技攻关项目(2008-N-69)资助

摘　　要：以甜瓜为材料,探讨了叶面喷施不同浓度硝酸钕(0,5,10,25,50,100 mg·L-1)对甜瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,10和25 mg·L-1硝酸钕处理的表现最突出:这两个处理的甜瓜叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均极显著或显著高于其他处理,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)均极显著低于其他处理;PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、相对光合电子传递速率(ETR)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)均极显著或显著高于其他处理,非光化学猝灭系数(qN)均极显著低于其他处理;且10 mg·L-1硝酸钕处理的果实产量最高、品质最佳。100 mg·L-1硝酸钕处理对甜瓜生长后期的光合作用产生抑制,降低了果实产量和品质。25 mg·L-1硝酸钕处理浓度较高,但对于甜瓜光合、产量和品质等指标的影响与10 mg·L-1硝酸钕处理并无显著差异,因此认为,10mg·L-1硝酸钕可以作为稀土钕在甜瓜生产上应用的适宜浓度。The effects of Nd（ NO3 ） 3 （0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 mg.L- 1 ） on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and fruit quality of muskmelon by spraying on the foliage were probed. The result was as below： Treating with 10 and 25 mg.L-1 Nd（ NO3 ）3 solution had the most significant effect. The net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）, transpiration rate （ Tr） , stomatal conductance （ Gs ） of the two treatments were all extremely significant or significantly higher than the other treatments and the intercellular CO2 content （ Ci ） was extremely significantly lower. The potential activity of PS II （ Fv/Fo ）, maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II in the dark （ Fv/Fm ）, actual photochemical efficiency of PS II in the light（ ФPS II ）, relative photosynthetic electron transport rate（ETR） and photochemical quenching coefficient（qP） were all extremely significant or significantly higher than the other treatments and non-photochemical quenching coefficient（qN） was extremely significantly lower; Meanwhile, treating with 10 mg .L-1 Nd（ NO3 ）3 solution, the yield was the highest and the quality was the best. Treating with 100 mg/L Nd（ NO3 ）3 solution could inhibit the photosynthesis of muskmelon at later stages and reduce the yield and fruit quality. 25 mg.L-1 Nd（ NO3 ）3 treatment had the higher concentration, but its effects on the photosynthetic, yield and quality indicators of muskmelon had no significant difference from 10 mg.L-1 Nd（NO3）3 treatment. So we consider that 10 mg.L -1 Nd （NO3） 3 would be the suitable concentration for muskmelon on the production.

关 键 词：甜瓜 硝酸钕 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]