汉沽盐场浮游植物生态特征  

Ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in Hangu Saltworks

作　　者：邓元告[1] 董景岗[1] 黄琼叶 隋丽英[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学,天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第4期959-965,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFA32300);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(13JCZDJC28700)资助

摘　　要：2012年5—12月，对渤海湾长芦汉沽盐场盐度从5～20 oBé逐级升高的5个盐池进行了卤水理化指标以及浮游植物种类和丰度分析。结果表明：调查取样鉴定检测出浮游植物共5门27种，其中硅藻18种，占绝对优势；各盐度盐池中（A1～A5）蓝藻门颤藻（Oscillatoria spp.）均为优势种，硅藻门菱形海线藻（Thalassionema nitzschioides）、中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、菱形藻（Nitzschia spp.）和圆筛藻（Coscinodiscus spp.）等在较低盐度盐池中（A1和A2）占优势，而绿藻门杜氏藻（Dunaliella spp.）在中高盐度盐池中（A3～A5）为优势种；不同盐度盐池中浮游植物密度为6.47×103～5.07×106 ind·L-1，多样性指数为0.13～1.57，均匀度为0.01～0.58，优势度均〉0.5，且均随盐度和季节呈规律性变化。总体而言，汉沽盐场浮游植物种群多样性和均匀度较低，优势度明显，且随卤水盐度升高和温度降低，浮游植物多样性和密度降低。The present study was undertaken in Changlu Hangu Saltworks, which is situated in Bohai Bay coastal area, China in the period of May to December in 2012. The physicochemical variables, species diversity and density of phytoplankton were determined in five sampling saltponds with salinities ranging from 5-20 SymbolpB@Bé. The results indicated that five phylum and 27 phytoplankton genera were identified, of which 18 genera belonged to Bacillariophyta. Blue green algae Oscillatoria spp. was abundant in all sampling saltponds （A1-A5）, diatoms such as Thalassionema nitzschioides, Skeletonema costatum, Nitzschia spp. and Coscinodiscus spp. were dominant in the saltponds at lower salinities （A1 and A2）, whilst green algae Dunaliella spp. were superior in the saltponds at higher salinities （A3-A5）. The density of phytoplankton ranged 6.47×103-5.07×106 ind·L-1, diversity index ranged from 0.13 to 1.57, evenness index ranged from 0.01 to 0.58, and the overall dominance index was greater than 0.5, depending on salinities and seasons. Overall, the diversity and evenness of phytoplankton in Hangu Saltworks were lower, but with apparent dominance. The diversity and biomass density in the saltponds reduced with increasing salinity and decreasing temperature.

关 键 词：盐田 浮游植物 盐度 温度 优势种 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]