疏林草原榆树种子-幼苗更新过程研究进展  

A review on the process of seed-seedling regeneration of Ulmus pumila in sparse forest grassland

作　　者：唐蛟 蒋德明[1] 王永翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第4期1114-1120,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370706)资助

摘　　要：榆树疏林草原曾广泛分布于我国北方农牧交错区,是科尔沁沙地、浑善达克沙地和呼伦贝尔沙地特有的原始景观,景观特征类似于热带稀树草原——萨瓦纳,乔木种类单一,草灌木植被发达,是遏制沙漠扩张的重要屏障。但目前榆树疏林的生长状况大都不良,树龄老化,自然消亡长期得不到更新,特别是种子-幼苗时期更新过程受到人为因素和自然环境的影响,使得榆树疏林生态系统处于崩溃边缘。本文基于国内主要的榆树疏林草原分布区榆树种子-幼苗更新过程研究,列举了榆树疏林种子-幼苗的分布特征以及影响其生长发育的主要因素,并且提出进行榆树种源保护、长期定位观测,开展多学科交叉研究和榆树固沙效果分析的展望,对于榆树疏林植被恢复和重建具有重要的理论价值。Elm woodland steppe （Ulmus pumila）, widely distributed in the farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China, is an original landscape of the Horqin sandy land, Otindag sandy land and Hulunbeier sandy land. Its landscape is characterized by single tree species composition and well developed grass-shrub vegetation, being similar to subtropical sparse woodland, savanna. It is an important barrier to prevent deserts from invading. At present, however, the growth of the elm woodlands falls in a serious situation. The elms have decreased in number sharply and their natural regeneration has been unsuccessful for a long time. Especially, the recruitment process from seeds to seedlings is influenced by both the natural environment and human factors, resulting in the degradation of the elm woodland steppe ecosystem towards the edge of collapse. Based on the previous studies on regeneration process of elm seeds and seedlings in the main elm woodland areas in China, we summarized the distribution characteristics and main influencing factors for seeds and seedlings of elm woodland steppe, and put forward some prospects on provenance protection, long-term observation, multidisciplinary crossed research and effect analysis of stabilizing sands. This review will be of great benefit to the restoration and reestablishment of the elm woodland steppe.

关 键 词：榆树疏林 种子 幼苗 更新 

分 类 号：S792.19[农业科学—林木遗传育种]