口蹄疫反向疫苗研究进展  

Advances in Reverse Genetics-Based Vaccines of Foot and Mouth Disease

作　　者：杨波[1] 杨帆[1] 王松豪[1] 张岩[1] 曹伟军[1] 殷宏[1] 郑海学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所家畜疫病病原生物学国家重点实验室国家口蹄疫参考实验室,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《病毒学报》2014年第2期213-220,共8页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：国家863计划项目(No.2011AA10A211-1);国家自然基金项目(31302118);甘肃省高层次人才科技创新创业扶持行动项目(1013JHTA008);国际原子能机构项目(16025/R0);中国农业产业体系(CARS-39)资助

摘　　要：利用反向遗传技术对口蹄疫病毒基因的改造和修饰,可以实现对疫苗种毒的生产性能、抗原匹配性、抗原稳定性、免疫应答能力、生物安全性等特征的改良,能够迅速获得预期生物学特性的疫苗候选株,进而可以减少和避免流行毒株驯化环节带来的负面影响。不仅改变了对流行毒株筛选驯化受病毒自然属性制约、费时费力、成功率低的缺陷,而且可以实现更为主动有效的疫苗毒株的设计,对整体提升疫苗品质和效力具有重大意义。本文以口蹄疫病毒为例,从改良疫苗毒株的生物学特性方面进行了综述,为相关研究提供参考和借鉴。Reverse-genetic engineering of foot and mouth disease virus （FMDV） can improve the productivity, antigen matching, antigen stability, immune response ability, and biological safety of vaccines, so vaccine candidates with anticipated biological characteristics can be promptly achieved. Negative influence in taming of virulent strains can also be decreased or avoided. Reverse genetics not only make up for deficien- cies like limitation of viral nature, low success rate, and time and energy consuming, but also realize more active designing of vaccines. Therefore, reverse genetics is significant in improving integral quality and efficiency of vaccines. In this review, we use FMDV vaccines as an example to summarize improvement in biological characteristics of virulent strains and provide a reference for related researches.

关 键 词：口蹄疫 反向遗传 标记疫苗 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]