华北地区小麦品种农艺性状比较分析  

Comparative Analysis on the Agronomic Traits of Wheat(Triticum aestivum L. ) Cultivars in North China

作　　者：吴儒刚 范业泉 刘鹏 吕金岭 崔光泉 戴忠民[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253015 [2]德州学院生物系,山东德州253023

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2014年第7期1959-1962,2001,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省小麦产业技术体系项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31271667);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2010cm044);作物生物学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2012KF01)

摘　　要：以20世纪末21世纪初华北地区先后审定的168份小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）品种为研究材料，对8个主要农艺性状进行了比较分析。结果表明，该区育成的小麦品种类型多，遗传变异丰富，8个农艺性状的变异系数（7.96%~26.51%）表现为千粒重＜主茎穗长＜株高＜主茎穗粒数＜单穗重＜平均穗粒数＜单株有效穗数＜单株产量。各农艺性状在4省市的差异较大，北京地区小麦品种具有株高高、主茎穗长长、千粒重高的特点；河南小麦品种具有穗粒数多、单穗重高的特点；山东小麦品种分蘖成穗率高；河北小麦品种的农艺性状比较协调。各小麦品种单株产量与单株有效穗数（0.85）、平均穗粒数（0.39）、单穗重量（0.37）、主茎穗粒数（0.27）、主茎穗长（0.20）达极显著正相关，与株高达显著正相关（0.19），与千粒重呈不显著负相关。Eight main agronomic traits of 168 wheat （ Triticum aestivum L. ） varieties from North China were evaluated by the analysis of variance and correlation. More variety types and higher genetic diversity of wheat in this region were observed. The variation coefficient （7.96% - 26. 51% ） of 8 agronomic traits showed as follow：kilo-grain weight 〈 spike length of main axis 〈 plant height 〈 grains per spike of main axis 〈 spike weight 〈 average grains per spike 〈 effective spikes per plant 〈 yield per plant. The agronomic traits of wheat in four provinces and cities are different. Wheat varieties from Beijing had higher plant height and kilo-grain weight, and longer spike length; those from Henan had more grains per spike and higher spike weight ; those from Shandong had larger percentage of effective tillers ; those from Hebei had a coordinated agronomic trait. The yield per plant was significant positively correlated with effective spikes per plant （0.85）, average grains per spike （0.39）, spike weight （0. 37 ）, grains per spike of main axis （0.27）, spike length of main axis （0.20）, and plant height （0.19）, respectively, but was not significant negatively correlated with kilo-grain weight.

关 键 词：小麦 农艺性状 比较分析 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]