人工粗糙壁面的水跃特性研究  

Characteristics of hydraulic jump on artificial roughened beds

作　　者：张志昌[1] 傅铭焕[1] 赵莹[1] 李若冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学,西安710048

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2014年第2期270-274,315,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：陕西省普通高校重点学科建设项目(106-00X902)

摘　　要：根据已有文献对密排加糙壁面水跃共轭水深、水跃旋滚长度、水跃长度的试验结果,分析了密排加糙壁面水跃的共轭水深、水跃旋滚长度、水跃长度、壁面平均切应力随弗劳德数、跃前和跃后断面水深、壁面粗糙度的变化规律;给出了人工粗糙壁面水跃共轭水深、水跃旋滚长度、水跃长度、壁面阻力系数、壁面平均切应力的计算公式;通过已有文献的试验结果对公式进行了验证,得到了水跃共轭水深的平均误差为4.06%,水跃旋滚长度和水跃长度的平均误差分别为4.25%和7.16%。研究表明:人工粗糙壁面水跃的共轭水深和水跃长度随着跃前断面弗劳德数的增大而增大,随着壁面粗糙度的增大而减小;壁面平均切应力随着壁面粗糙度和跃前断面弗劳德数的增大而增大,随着共轭水深比的增大而减小。According to the test data of the existing literatures on conjugate water depth, length of roller and length of jump in hydraulic jump region of roughened stilling basin with uniform gravel bed, and the change laws of conjugate water depth, length of roller, length of jump and average bed shear stress with upstream Froude number, upstream supercritical flow depth, downstream subcritical flow depth and roughness height are studied. Calculation formulas of conjugate water depth, length of roller, length of jump, shear force coefficient and average bed shear stress of artificial roughened beds are put forwarded which are verified through the test results of the existing literatures. It shows that the mean error of conjugate water depth, length of roller and length of jump is 4.06%, 4.25% and 7.16% respectively. The conjugate water depth and the length of jump are increased with the increasing of upstream Froude number and decreased with increasing of the roughness height. The average bed shear stress is increased with the increasing of the roughness height and upstream Froude number and decreased with increasing of the conjugate water depth.

关 键 词：人工粗糙壁面 共轭水深 水跃长度 壁面平均切应力 

分 类 号：TV135.21[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]