不同培肥方式对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Manners on Soil Quality of Desert Grassland

作　　者：仇正跻[1] 杨柳[2] 刘燕霞[2] 喜巧梅 李慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏隆德县农业技术推广中心,宁夏隆德756300 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2013年第12期48-51,78,共5页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC07B03)

摘　　要：以红寺堡孙家滩园区2年定位试验土壤为研究对象,利用田间定位试验和BIOLOG技术相结合的方法,研究了三种不同培肥方式对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响。结果表明:施肥可以显著提高土壤养分含量,其中有机和无机配施效果最好,显著提高了土壤全氮、全磷、有机质、速效磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量;微生物数量和土壤微生物功能多样性增加。黄腐酸钾、羊粪和化肥配施处理的BIOLOG ECO板的平均颜色变化率斜率较高,增幅较快,土壤微生物群落对碳源利用能力较强;在培养96 h时与对照及施化肥处理有显著性差异。施化肥处理明显抑制了土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力。不同培肥方式下土壤微生物功能多样性主要受到土壤pH、碱解氮、全氮和土壤有机质的影响。有机肥、无机肥相结合的培肥方式能更好的提升土壤质量。With the soil of 2 years＇ location experiment at Sunjiatan park in Hongsipu as the object of the research, the effects of 3 different fertilization manners on the soil quality of desert steppe were studied by using the BIOLOG technology in combination with a field experiment. The results showed that the fertilizer application could increase the content of soil nutrients significantly and the effect of applying organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizer was the best and by this the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in the soil were increased significantly and the microbial biomass and the functional diversity of the soil microorganism were increased. With the treatment of applying the fertilizer in combination with fulvie acid potassium and sheep manure, the gradient of lhe average color change rate of BIOLOG ECO board was relatively high, the growth was rapid and the soil microbial community＇s ability of carbon source utilization was relatively strong. When cultured for 96 hour it had significant differences compared with those of the control and the treatment of applying fertilizer only. With the treatment of applying fertilizer only the soil microbial community＇s ability of carbon source utilization was restrained obviously. The functional diversity of the soil microorganism under different fertilizer application methods was mainly affected by the soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, total nitrogen and soil organic matter. So the approach of applying organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizer is a better way to improve the soil quality.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 培肥方式 土壤质量 土壤理化性状 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S158[农业科学—农业基础科学]