基于PSR模型的厦门湾中华白海豚资源评价  

Integrated assessment of Chinese white dolphin(Sousa chinensis) in Xiamen waters based on PSR model

作　　者：肖理[1] 胡文佳[1] 杨圣云[1] 李雯[1] 谢雯瑜 杨璐[1] 陈明茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋科学》2014年第1期57-64,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研经费专项项目(200905019);海洋公益性行业科研经费专项项目(201005012)

摘　　要：中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis Osbeck,1765)为国家Ⅰ级重点野生保护动物,厦门湾作为其在中国的主要分布区之一,自20世纪80年代以来,海岸带开发活动和环境污染程度均不断加大,导致此海域中华白海豚的生存环境不断恶化,种群数量日趋减少,资源状况面临严重威胁。作者采用PSR(压力-状态-响应)模型框架,对厦门湾中华白海豚资源面临的主要环境压力、当前的资源状态以及采取的保护响应措施进行了一个较全面的评价,评价结果认为:围填海工程、船只交通、水下爆破作业和陆源排污等人类活动给厦门湾中华白海豚带来了生境缩小、身体伤害、环境污染和饵料短缺等严重影响,厦门市已采取的保护政策响应包括就地保护、迁地保护和公共管理等方面,目前种群资源数量稳定在80头左右并有潜力扩大。基于评价结果,作者提出了加强保护的建议和策略,可为厦门以外海区的中华白海豚保护工作提供参考。The Chinese white dolphin （Sousa chinens Osbeck, 1765） is ranked in the first class of national key protected species in China. Xiamen is one of its most important habitats. Since 1980＇s, the population of the Chinese white dolphin in Xiamen waters was reduced severely due to the large area coastal reclamation and environmental pollutions. This study presented an integrated assessment of the dolphins in Xiamen waters based on the PSR model to reveal the environmental pressure to the dolphins and their habitat.The results showed that there were several pressure sources, including reclamation, vessel traffic, underwater explosion and land-based pollutions. A variety of protection methods have been taken by the local government to protect the dolphins, which have been proved to be effective. Currently, Chinese white dolphin＇s population in Xiamen waters remains stable, and the number may increase with further efforts. This study may provide useful data for the protection and management of Chinese white dolphin in Xiamen as well as in other habitats.

关 键 词：中华白海豚(Sousa CHINENSIS OSBECK 1765) 生物资源评价 PSR模型 厦门湾 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]